{"id":6786,"date":"2026-04-06T17:19:37","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T14:19:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=6786"},"modified":"2026-06-17T16:32:21","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T13:32:21","slug":"parsha-na-grushe-chto-delat-esli-poyavilis-pyatna-na-plodah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/parsha-na-grushe-chto-delat-esli-poyavilis-pyatna-na-plodah\/","title":{"rendered":"Nok daraxtidagi qoraqo'tir: mevalarda dog'lar paydo bo'lsa, nima qilish kerak"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qo'ziqorin - bu patogen keltirib chiqaradigan agressiv qo'ziqorin kasalligi Venturiya pirina<\/em>. Olma qoraqo'tiridan farqli o'laroq, nok qoraqo'tir patogeni juda ixtisoslashgan bo'lib, faqat noklarga hujum qiladi va bu to'qimalarning chuqur deformatsiyalariga olib keladi. 2026-yilda agronomlar iqlim o'zgarishi tufayli qo'ziqorin ko'plab standart davolash rejimlariga chidamli bo'lib qolganini, shuning uchun bog'larni himoya qilish uchun tizimli va profilaktik yondashuv zarurligini ta'kidladilar.<\/p>\n

\"Nok<\/p>\n

Infektsiya rivojlanish mexanizmi va nima uchun xavfli<\/h2>\n

Qo'ziqorin tushgan barglarda psevdotetsiya sifatida qishlaydi. Birinchi bahorgi yomg'ir bilan askosporalar ajralib chiqadi va ular havo oqimlari bilan bog' bo'ylab tarqaladi. Barg yoki tuxumdonning nam yuzasiga tushib, spora unib chiqadi va mitseliy hosil qiladi. Bu mitseliy o'simlikning epidermisini yo'q qiladi, uning metabolizmini buzadi. Natijada, daraxt kamayib, fotosintez qilish qobiliyatini yo'qotadi va mevalar "tirnalgan" dog'lar bilan qoplanadi, bu ularni saqlash va qayta ishlash uchun yaroqsiz holga keltiradi.<\/p>\n

2026-yilda ommaviy infeksiya sabablari<\/h2>\n

Patogen uchta qat'iy shart ostida faollashadi: yuqumli manbaning mavjudligi, yuqori namlik va qulay harorat (18\u201324\u00b0C). Parvarishdagi xatolar sporalar uchun ideal inkubatorni yaratadi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Zich toj: havo aylanishining yo'qligi daraxt ichidagi namlikni saqlaydi.<\/li>\n
  • Haddan tashqari azotli o'g'itlar: azot bilan ortiqcha oziqlangan daraxtlar suvli, bo'shashgan barg to'qimasini hosil qiladi, bu esa miselyumning kirib borishini osonlashtiradi.<\/li>\n
  • Sanitariya tozalashni e'tiborsiz qoldirish: bog'da qoldirilgan o'simlik qoldiqlari keyingi mavsum uchun infektsiyaning asosiy manbai hisoblanadi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Mag'lubiyat belgilari: boshlanishni qanday qilib o'tkazib yubormaslik kerak<\/h2>\n

    Kasallik bosqichma-bosqich rivojlanadi. Dastlabki alomatlar bargning pastki qismida xira, och rangli dog'lar ko'rinishida paydo bo'ladi. Keyin ular zaytun-jigarrang rangga aylanadi va baxmal qoplama bilan qoplanadi - bular sporulyatsiya organlari. Agar bu bosqich o'tkazib yuborilsa, pedunkullar (gullarning to'kilishiga olib keladi) va tuxumdonlar ta'sirlanadi. Mevada qoraqo'tir qattiq, qora qoraqo'tirlar ko'rinishida paydo bo'ladi, ularning atrofida teri yorilib, ikkilamchi chirishga olib keladi.<\/p>\n

    Himoya strategiyasi va davolash taqvimi<\/h2>\n

    Samarali nazorat qo'ziqorinlarning qarshilik ko'rsatishini oldini olish uchun turli kimyoviy guruhlardan fungitsidlarni navbatma-navbat qo'llashga asoslangan. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Rivojlanish bosqichi<\/th>\nTavsiya etilgan dorilar<\/th>\nQo'llash xususiyatlari<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Yashil konus (gullashdan oldin)<\/td>\nBordo aralashmasi 3%, mis sulfat<\/td>\nQishlagan sporalarni yo'q qilish, yo'q qilish<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Gullashdan keyin<\/td>\nHorus, Skor, Fitosporin-M<\/td>\nYosh tuxumdonlarni himoya qilish uchun tizimli ta'sir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Meva o'sish davri<\/td>\nBiofungitsidlar (Alirin-B, Gamair)<\/td>\nMevalar uchun xavfsiz, kerak bo'lganda ishlatiladi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kuzgi profilaktika<\/td>\nKarbamid 7-10% (barglar tushguncha barglarda)<\/td>\nQo'ziqorinlarni o'ldirish orqali barglarning parchalanishini tezlashtiradi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Dori vositalarini qo'llashning muhim qoidalari<\/h3>\n

    Faqat ertalab yoki kechqurun qo'llang. Mis asosidagi mahsulotlar (Bordo aralashmasi, HOM) faqat keyingi 24 soat ichida yog'ingarchilik bo'lmasa samarali bo'ladi. Tizimli fungitsidlar (masalan, Horus) to'qimalarga kirib borishga qodir, shuning uchun ular hatto salqin havoda ham samarali bo'ladi, ammo hosil yig'im-terimidan oldingi kutish davriga qat'iy rioya qilishni talab qiladi.<\/p>\n

    Agrotexnik amaliyotlar sog'liq uchun asos sifatida<\/h2>\n

    Bog'ning qishloq xo'jaligi amaliyoti buzilgan taqdirda hech qanday kimyoviy moddalar yordam bermaydi:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Sanitariya Azizillo:<\/strong> Bahorda barcha so'rg'ichlarni va qurigan shoxlarni olib tashlang. Qo'tir soyada va namlikda yaxshi o'sadi, shuning uchun toj yaxshi shamollatilganligiga ishonch hosil qiling.<\/li>\n
    2. Daraxt tanasi doirasi bilan ishlash:<\/strong> Kuzda, tushgan barcha barglarni yig'ib olib, yoqib yuborishni unutmang. Bahorda daraxt tanasi atrofidagi tuproqni 15-20 sm chuqurlikda qazish ham infeksiya darajasini kamaytirishga yordam beradi.<\/li>\n
    3. Mineral oziqlanish:<\/strong> Kaliy-fosforli o'g'itlar bilan daraxtning immunitetini mustahkamlang. Kremniy qo'shimchalari hujayra devorlarini mustahkamlaydi, bu esa ularni qo'ziqorin mitseliyasi uchun kamroq qulay qiladi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar: Tez-tez so'raladigan savollarga javoblar<\/h2>\n

      Qovurilgan dog'lari bo'lgan mevalarni yeyish mumkinmi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Agar zarar chuqur bo'lsa va meva yorilgan bo'lsa, yo'q. Agar dog'lar yuzaki bo'lsa, ularni kesib tashlash mumkin, ammo bunday noklar uzoq vaqt saqlanmaydi; ular tezda chiriydi.<\/p>\n

      Nima uchun ilgari hech qachon zarar ko'rmagan nok navim to'satdan qoraqo'tir bilan qoplangan?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Hatto chidamli navlar ham namlik darajasi g'ayritabiiy bo'lganda yoki daraxt po'stlog'ining himoya funktsiyalarini zaiflashtiradigan zararkunandalar (masalan, barg qurtlari) tomonidan zaiflashganda immunitetini yo'qotadi.<\/p>\n

      Kuzda karbamiddan qanday qilib to'g'ri foydalanish kerak?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      7% karbamid eritmasi (10 litr suvga 700 g) tushgan yoki hali ham osilib turgan barglarga sepiladi. Bu barglarning tez yonishiga va minerallashuvining tezlashishiga olib keladi, bu esa qo'ziqorinlarni qishlash uchun joydan mahrum qiladi.<\/p>\n

      \"Bog'da<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c Venturia pirina. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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