{"id":57642,"date":"2026-06-30T09:51:18","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T06:51:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=57642"},"modified":"2026-06-30T09:51:18","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T06:51:18","slug":"kak-vyrastit-krupnyj-kryzhovnik-5-etapov-uhoda-i-shema-podkormok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/kak-vyrastit-krupnyj-kryzhovnik-5-etapov-uhoda-i-shema-podkormok\/","title":{"rendered":"Katta Bektoshi uzumini qanday etishtirish kerak: 5 ta parvarish bosqichi va o'g'itlash jadvali"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bektoshi uzumlari XI asrdan beri uy bog'larida yetishtiriladigan eng mashhur rezavor mevali ekinlardan biri bo'lib kelgan. Oson o'sadigan butalar sifatida tanilganiga qaramay, tegishli yetishtirish texnikasisiz mevalar tezda kichrayib, ta'mini yo'qotadi. Katta rezavor mevalarni yetishtirish nav tanlash, to'g'ri ekish va muvozanatli ovqatlanishni o'z ichiga olgan kompleks yondashuvni talab qiladi. Keling, meva hajmini oshirish uchun qaysi usullar aslida ish berishini ko'rib chiqaylik.<\/p>\n

\"Katta<\/p>\n

Katta mevali navlarni tanlash<\/h2>\n

Navning genetik salohiyati rezavor mevalarning maksimal vaznini belgilaydi. Agar navning xususiyatlari 1,5-2 gramm og'irlikdagi rezavor mevalarni talab qilsa, hech qanday o'g'itlash 20 grammlik rezavor mevalarni bermaydi. Rezavor mevalar bog'ini tashkil qilishda, ko'rsatilgan katta meva berish salohiyatiga ega tasdiqlangan, selektiv navlarni tanlash muhimdir.<\/p>\n

"Finik" navi eng yirik mevali navlardan biri hisoblanadi, vazni 20 g ga etadi, ammo kukunli chiriyotgandan ehtiyotkorlik bilan himoya qilishni talab qiladi. "Kolobok" barqaror immuniteti va vazni 8 g gacha bo'lgan mevalari bilan ajralib turadi, "Russkiy Zhelty" esa qishga chidamliligi va ingichka po'stlog'i bilan qadrlanadi, vazni 5\u20137 g.<\/p>\n

"Pushti-2" navi o'sish sharoitlariga talabchan, ammo 10 g gacha chiroyli mevalar beradi. "Zashchitnik" mo''tadil iqlim uchun ideal bo'lib, kasalliklarga chidamliligini katta, deyarli qora rezavorlar (10 g gacha) bilan birlashtiradi, ular transportga yaxshi bardosh beradi.<\/p>\n

\"""Finik"\"""Kolobok"\"""Rus\"""Pushti-2"\"""Zashchitnik"<\/p>\n

Ko'chatlarni ekish va tanlash qoidalari<\/h2>\n

Butaning yashovchanligi to'g'ridan-to'g'ri ekish materialining sifatiga bog'liq. Yog'ochsimon ildiz tizimiga ega, uzunligi kamida 20 sm va ildiz bo'yinining diametri kamida 8 mm bo'lgan ko'chatlarni tanlang. Kuchli ildiz tizimi kelajakda o'sadigan yirik rezavorlarni oziqlantirishning kalitidir.<\/p>\n

60 x 50 sm o'lchamdagi ekish chuqurini tayyorlang. Ko'chatni burchak ostida joylashtirish qo'shimcha ildiz o'sishini rag'batlantiradi, bu esa oziqlantirish yuzasini oshiradi. Chuqurga bir chelak kompost, 20 g kaliy sulfat va 150 g superfosfat qo'shing.<\/p>\n

Og'ir tuproqlarda kengaytirilgan loy yoki singan g'ishtdan iborat drenaj qatlami juda muhimdir. Bu suvning turg'unlashuvining oldini oladi, bu esa krijovnik ildizlariga zararli ta'sir ko'rsatadi. Chuqurni to'g'ri to'ldirish o'simlikni rivojlanishning dastlabki 2-3 yilida ozuqa moddalari bilan ta'minlaydi.<\/p>\n

\""Yaxshi<\/p>\n

Sug'orish va o'g'itlash tizimi<\/h2>\n

Katta rezavorlar yetishtirish uchun, ayniqsa quruq davrlarda, muntazam sug'orish kerak. Har bir butaning ostiga to'rt chelakgacha suv quying, bu tuproqning chuqur namligini ta'minlaydi. Muzdek sovuq quduq suvidan foydalanishdan saqlaning.<\/p>\n

Mavsumda to'rt marta o'g'itlang: barglar chiqqanda (karbamid), gullash boshida (kaliy sulfat yoki kul), meva pishganda (kaliy humat va nitrofoska) va kuzda (gumus). O'g'it butaning tagidan 15 sm masofada joylashgan oluklarga qo'llaniladi.<\/p>\n

Fermentlangan go'ng shlamiga asoslangan organik o'g'itlar (1:10 nisbatda suyultirilgan) mevalarning pishishi uchun juda samarali hisoblanadi. To'g'ri mineral dozasiga rioya qilish ildizlarning kuyishi va hosilda nitrat to'planishining oldini oladi.<\/p>\n

Azizillo standartlashtirish usuli sifatida<\/h2>\n

Quyosh nuri va ozuqa moddalarining yetishmasligi tufayli rezavorlarning qisqarishining asosiy sababi zich tojdir. Yillik Azizillo kasal, quruq va zaif kurtaklarni, shuningdek, 7 yoshdan katta shoxlarni olib tashlashni o'z ichiga oladi. O'simlik yaxshi shamollatilishi kerak.<\/p>\n

Bahorda, mevali kurtaklar o'sishini rag'batlantirish uchun kurtaklar uchlari birinchi yon shoxgacha qisqartiriladi. Avgust oyida bir yoshli kurtaklar chimchilab olinadi, bu esa buta shoxini yaxshiroq shakllantirishga va keyingi mavsum uchun ko'proq mevali kurtaklar hosil qilishga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Bahorda,<\/p>\n

Qish mavsumiga tayyorgarlik<\/h2>\n

Bektoshi uzumining sovuqqa chidamliligi to'qimalardagi namlik va ozuqaviy moddalar zaxirasiga bog'liq. Harorat 3-4\u00b0C ga tushganda, har bir tupga 30-50 litr namlikni to'ldiruvchi sug'orish amalga oshiriladi. Bu ildizlarni muzlashdan himoya qiladi.<\/p>\n

Daraxt tanasini 15 sm chirindi qatlami bilan mulchalash ildiz tizimini to'satdan harorat o'zgarishidan himoya qiladi. Qishga kamroq chidamli navlar uchun meva kurtaklarini muzlashdan himoya qilish uchun archa shoxlari bilan qo'shimcha qoplash tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n

Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n

Mevalar hajmini oshirish uchun ortiqcha tuxumdonlarni olib tashlash mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n

Ha, ekinlarni ratsionlashtirish samarali usuldir. Tuxumdonlarning bir qismini olib tashlash ozuqa moddalarini qayta taqsimlaydi, natijada qolgan mevalar sezilarli darajada kattalashadi.<\/p>\n

Bektoshi uzumlarini yozda mulchalash kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

Mulchalash tuproqdagi namlikni saqlaydi va begona o'tlarning o'sishini bostiradi. Chirib ketadigan mulchalash o'simlikka qo'shimcha ozuqa beradi, bu esa hosildorlikka ijobiy ta'sir ko'rsatadi.<\/p>\n

Nima uchun Bektoshi uzumlari yillar davomida kichrayib boradi?<\/h3>\n

Asosiy sabab tojning qalinlashishi va tuproqning kamayishidir. Muntazam ravishda Azizillo qilish va organik o'g'itlar butaning unumdorligini tiklashi mumkin.<\/p>\n

Ekish joyi meva hajmiga ta'sir qiladimi?<\/h3>\n

Bektoshi uzumlari ko'p yorug'likka muhtoj. Soyada ekish mevalarning kichrayishiga va shakar miqdorining yo'qolishiga olib keladi, shuning uchun shimoliy shamollardan himoyalangan quyoshli joylarni tanlang.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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