![\"Olma](\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/kak-zashhitit-svoi-yabloni-i-grushi-ot-parshi_6a4297f57381c.jpeg\")
<\/p>\nOlma va nok qoraqo'tiri - bu qo'ziqorin kasalligi bo'lib, agar nazorat qilinmasa, hosilning katta qismini yo'q qilishi mumkin. Patogen barglar, gullar va mevalarga hujum qiladi va daraxtning umumiy hayotiyligini pasaytiradi. Infektsiya tomchilab turgan namlik mavjud bo'lganda sodir bo'ladi, bu esa yomg'irli bahorlarni muhim davrga aylantiradi. Oldini olish meva sifatini saqlashning yagona ishonchli usuli bo'lib qolmoqda. Samarali nazorat qilish patogenning biologiyasini va pestitsidlarni qo'llash vaqtini tushunishni talab qiladi.<\/p>\n
Kasallikning dastlabki belgilari yosh barglarda yog'li, sarg'ish dog'lar ko'rinishida paydo bo'ladi. Mitseliy rivojlanishi bilan uning yuzasida xarakterli yashil-jigarrang sporulyatsiya hosil bo'ladi. Olma daraxtlarida bu sporulyatsiya asosan bargning yuqori qismida, nok daraxtlarida esa pastki qismida joylashgan.<\/p>\n
Mevalarda qoraqo'tir och rangli yirtilgan po'stloq bilan o'ralgan yumaloq, kulrang-qora dog'lar shaklida namoyon bo'ladi. Kuchli zararlanish meva deformatsiyasiga va muddatidan oldin yorilishga olib keladi. Shikastlangan joylar ikkilamchi infeksiyalar uchun kirish joylariga aylanadi va saqlash vaqtida hosilning tez buzilishiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n
Olma va nok daraxtlaridagi qoraqo'tir patogenlari turlarga xos ekanligini yodda tutish muhimdir. Olma daraxtlariga zarar yetkazadigan qo'ziqorin nok daraxtlarini yuqtira olmaydi va aksincha. Bu shuni anglatadiki, sanitariya Azizillo va ishlov berish bog'dagi barcha donli va anor mevali ekinlarni har tomonlama qamrab olishi kerak.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Infektsiya manbai tushgan barglarda qishlaydi, u yerda askosporalar erta bahorda yetiladi. Sporalarning chiqishi daraxtlardagi kurtaklanish va ajralish bosqichlari bilan sinxronlashadi. Sporalarning unib chiqishi tomchilatib namlikni talab qiladi, shuning uchun tuman va shudring epidemiyalarni keltirib chiqaradi.<\/p>\n
Dastlabki infeksiyadan so'ng, dog'larda yozgi spora (konidiya) hosil bo'ladi, ular shamol va yomg'ir tomchilari orqali tarqaladi. Bir vegetatsiya davrida patogen qulay sharoitlarda 10 avlodgacha ishlab chiqarishi mumkin. Yuqori havo namligi epidemiyani tezlashtiradigan asosiy omil hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n
Kasallikning rivojlanishiga havo aylanishiga to'sqinlik qiladigan zich soyabonlar yordam beradi. Ozuqa moddalari yetishmasligidan aziyat chekadigan zaiflashgan daraxtlar qo'ziqorin tomonidan ancha tezroq hujumga uchraydi. Navlarga chidamlilik muhim omil hisoblanadi, ammo hatto nisbatan chidamli navlar ham epidemiya yillarida himoyaga muhtoj.<\/p>\n
![\"Xarakterli](\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/kak-zashhitit-svoi-yabloni-i-grushi-ot-parshi_6a4297f5a8029.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n
Himoya asosi shifobaxsh va profilaktik ta'sirga ega tizimli fungitsidlardan foydalanishdir. Davolash yashil konus bosqichida boshlanadi, bu esa infeksiyani erta bosqichda bostirishga yordam beradi. Purkashlar orasidagi interval ob-havo sharoitiga qarab 7-10 kunni tashkil qiladi.<\/p>\n
Tizimli mahsulotlar o'simlik to'qimalariga kirib, yangi o'sishni himoya qiladi. Fungitsidni qo'llash hatto past haroratlarda (3\u00b0C dan boshlab) ham samarali bo'ladi, bu erta bahorda juda muhimdir. Maksimal samaradorlikka erishish uchun tojni eritma bilan bir tekis qoplash muhimdir.<\/p>\n
Ishchi eritmaning qo'llanilish darajasi har 100 kvadrat metr ekish uchun kamida 10 litr bo'lishi kerak. Ixtisoslashgan mahsulotlardan foydalanish nafaqat qoraqo'tirni, balki changli chiriyotgan va monilioz kabi bog'liq kasalliklarni ham nazorat qilish imkonini beradi. Yuqori boshlang'ich faollikka ega mahsulotlar haroratning keskin o'zgarishi paytida ham himoya qiladi.<\/p>\n
![\"Qo'ziqorin](\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/kak-zashhitit-svoi-yabloni-i-grushi-ot-parshi_6a4297f5db0be.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n
Ha, terapevtik ta'sirga ega fungitsidlardan foydalanish miselyumning o'sishini to'xtatishi mumkin. Biroq, meva po'stining shikastlangan joylari tiklanmaydi, shuning uchun ko'rinadigan alomatlar paydo bo'lishidan oldin davolanishni boshlash muhimdir.<\/p>\n
Yuqori namlik zamburug'larning o'sishiga yordam beradi, ammo eritmaning bir qismini barglardan yuvib tashlashi ham mumkin. Eritmaning sirtga cho'kishi uchun quruq, shamolsiz ob-havoda purkash tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n
Patogenlar har xil bo'lsa-da, ularning rivojlanish sharoitlari bir xil. Agar kasallik olma daraxtida paydo bo'lsa, bu bog'da qo'ziqorin infektsiyalari uchun qulay mikroiqlim paydo bo'lganligini anglatadi, shuning uchun nokning oldini olish juda muhimdir.<\/p>\n
Standart rejim faol o'sish davrida 7-10 kunlik interval bilan ishlov berishni o'z ichiga oladi. Yomg'irli mavsumda barglardagi himoya qatlamini saqlab qolish uchun intervalni 5-7 kungacha qisqartirish mumkin.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":54545,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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