{"id":49270,"date":"2026-06-28T21:46:23","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T18:46:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=49270"},"modified":"2026-06-28T21:46:23","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T18:46:23","slug":"5-urozhajnyh-sortov-dyni-dlya-vyrashhivaniya-v-srednej-polose-rossii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/5-urozhajnyh-sortov-dyni-dlya-vyrashhivaniya-v-srednej-polose-rossii\/","title":{"rendered":"Markaziy Rossiyada etishtirish uchun 5 ta samarali qovun navlari"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida qovun yetishtirish alohida yondashuvni talab qiladi, chunki hosil harorat o'zgarishiga va quyosh nuri miqdoriga juda sezgir. Qiyinchiliklarga qaramay, o'zingizning xushbo'y mevalaringizni to'g'ri navlar va to'g'ri qishloq xo'jaligi amaliyotlari bilan yig'ib olish mumkin. Shuni tushunish kerakki, ko'plab an'anaviy janubiy navlar qisqa yozda shakar to'plash yoki mevali tuxumdonlar hosil qilish uchun vaqtga ega emas. Qisqa vegetatsiya davriga ega duragaylar va navlarni to'g'ri tanlash yomg'irli mavsumlarda ham izchil hosil olishga imkon beradi. Tajriba shuni ko'rsatadiki, muvaffaqiyat nafaqat navga, balki to'g'ri ekishga ham bog'liq, bu esa meva ishlab chiqarish foydasiga ortiqcha barglarning o'sishini cheklaydi.<\/p>\n

\"O'rta<\/p>\n

1. Tyda\u010dunkuaiha Melon<\/h2>\n

Xitoyda yetishtirilgan bu ertapishar nav 60 kunda pishib yetiladi va ixcham tok novdalari bilan ajralib turadi. O'simlik 200\u2013600 g og'irlikdagi nok shaklidagi mevalarni, nozik sariq-to'q sariq rangli go'shtni beradi. Uni yetishtirish oson va hatto salqin ob-havoda ham meva beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Tydachunquaike<\/p>\n

Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida o'stirishda tuproq yaxshi isitilishi kerak, pH qiymati 6,0\u20137,0 oralig'ida bo'lishi kerak. Faol o'sish uchun optimal harorat 25\u201330\u00b0C ni tashkil qiladi. Agar gullash davrida harorat 15\u00b0C dan pastga tushsa, tuxumdonlar tushib ketishi mumkin, shuning uchun mavsum boshida vaqtinchalik boshpanalardan foydalanish juda muhimdir.<\/p>\n

\"Tydachankuaikha<\/p>\n

Pishib yetilish davrida ortiqcha sug'orish keng tarqalgan xato bo'lib, bu mevalarning yorilishi va shakar miqdorining pasayishiga olib keladi. O'rtacha sug'orish tavsiya etiladi, faqat ildizlarga surting, ildiz bo'yniga namlik tushmasligiga yo'l qo'ying. To'g'ri parvarish bilan bu nav juda ishonchli ekanligi isbotlangan.<\/p>\n

2. Qovun festivali yashil maydoni<\/h2>\n

Dalmatinni eslatuvchi rang-barang po'stlog'iga ega asl nav. Og'irligi 1 dan 3 kg gacha bo'lgan mevalar zich tuzilishga ega va shakar to'planishi uchun uzoq vaqt talab etiladi. Pishishi 55-65 kun davom etadi, ammo to'liq ta'miga erishish uchun ular ko'pincha qo'shimcha pishishni talab qiladi.<\/p>\n

\"Qovun<\/p>\n

Bu nav uchun tuproq yengil va organik moddalarga boy bo'lishi kerak. Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida, sovuq xavfi o'tgandan keyin, 25-30 kunlik yoshida ko'chat ekish tavsiya etiladi. Issiq iqlim sharoitida go'sht qattiq va o'tli bo'lib qoladi, shuning uchun ochiq havoda etishtirishdan ko'ra issiqxonada etishtirish afzalroqdir.<\/p>\n

\"Festival<\/p>\n

Pishmagan mevalardan shakarlangan mevalar yoki murabbo tayyorlash mumkin. Agar mevalar mavsum oxiriga qadar shirinlikka yetmagan bo'lsa, uni 2-3 hafta davomida iliq joyda qoldirish mumkin; ammo, bu kraxmalning shakarga aylanishini kafolatlamaydi. Bu navning asosiy qiymati uning dekorativ jozibasi va tashish qulayligidir.<\/p>\n

3. Asal qovuni<\/h2>\n

Mo''tadil iqlim uchun eng serhosil navlardan biri hisoblangan juda erta pishadigan nav. Bitta tup 300\u2013600 g og'irlikdagi 10 tagacha meva berishi mumkin. Po'stlog'i yupqa va oson tozalanadi, go'shti esa aniq qarsildoq tuzilishga ega.<\/p>\n

\"Asal<\/p>\n

Maksimal hosil olish uchun panjara ustida vertikal ravishda o'stirish tavsiya etiladi. Bu yorug'likning bir xil tushishini ta'minlaydi va mevalarning nam tuproq bilan aloqa qilishining oldini oladi, bu esa zamburug'li kasalliklar xavfini kamaytiradi. Optimal ekish sxemasi 50x50 sm bo'lib, bitta poyasi o'rgatilgan.<\/p>\n

\"Asal<\/p>\n

Agar meva yetarlicha oziqlantirilmasa, u mayda va xira bo'lib qolishi mumkin. Faol o'sish davrida har 10 kunda kaliyli o'g'it (10 litr suvga 20 g kaliy sulfat) qo'llang. Po'sti xarakterli sarg'ayganda hosilni yig'ib oling.<\/p>\n

4. Qovun umid<\/h2>\n

Mevalari vazni 3,5\u20135 kg ga yetadigan, tuxumdonlari standartlashtirilgan miqdorda bo'ladi. Mevasi suvli, shakar miqdori yuqori, 15% gacha. Bu nav keng tarqalgan qovun kasalliklariga chidamli.<\/p>\n

\"Qovun<\/p>\n

Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida uzoq pishib yetilishi sababli, bu nav issiqxonalarda eng yaxshi o'stiriladi, 5-6 bargdan keyin kurtaklarni majburiy ravishda chimchilash kerak. Bu yon kurtaklarda urg'ochi gullarning shakllanishini rag'batlantiradi. Kukunli chiriyotgan paydo bo'lishining oldini olish uchun issiqxonani shamollatishni unutmang.<\/p>\n

\"To'liq<\/p>\n

Agar kuz salqin bo'lsa, mevalar bog'da pishishga ulgurmasligi mumkin. Bu holda, ular texnik pishish bosqichida teriladi va uyda pishib yetiladi. Agar ortiqcha hosil bo'lsa, mevalar qayta ishlash uchun juda yaxshi.<\/p>\n

5. Qovunli qaymoqli karamel<\/h2>\n

Harorat o'zgarishiga moslashgan o'rta mavsum navi. Mevalari yumaloq, og'irligi 1,5\u20132 kg, eriydigan go'sht va asal ta'mga ega. Bu nav noqulay ekologik omillarga yuqori qarshilik ko'rsatadi.<\/p>\n

\"Qovun<\/p>\n

Muvaffaqiyatli yetishtirish uchun shamollardan himoyalangan quyoshli joy kerak. Tuproq kuzda yaxshi chirigan go'ng yoki kompost qo'shib tayyorlanishi kerak. Bahorda, ekishdan oldin, ildiz chirishining oldini olish uchun to'shakni biologik fungitsid eritmasi bilan sug'orish tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n

\""Qaymoqli<\/p>\n

Muntazam ravishda begona o'tlarni yo'qotish va tuproqni yumshatish ildizlarning yaxshiroq rivojlanishiga yordam beradi. Uzoq muddatli yomg'ir paytida, ildizlarning haddan tashqari sug'orilishining oldini olish uchun buta atrofidagi tuproqni plastik plyonka yoki agrofiber bilan qoplash tavsiya etiladi. Bu hosilni to'liq pishguncha saqlashga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n

Qovun pishganligini qanday bilasiz?<\/h3>\n

Asosiy belgilari terining yorqinroq rangga kirishi, o'ziga xos qovun aromatining paydo bo'lishi va mevaning poyadan osongina ajralib chiqishidir. Ba'zi navlarda poya biroz quruqlashishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

Issiqxonasiz qovun yetishtirish mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n

Mo''tadil zonada bu faqat vaqtinchalik plyonkali boshpanalar va juda erta pishadigan navlarni tanlash bilan mumkin. Boshpana bo'lmasa, sovuq kechalar tufayli hosilning yo'qolishi xavfi juda yuqori.<\/p>\n

Nima uchun mevalar mayda o'sadi?<\/h3>\n

Bu o'g'it yetishmasligi yoki ozuqaviy moddalar yetishmasligi bilan bog'liq bo'lishi mumkin. Ular vazn olishi va shirinlik olishi uchun har bir o'simlikda 3-5 tadan ortiq meva qoldirmang.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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