{"id":48996,"date":"2026-06-28T21:49:36","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T18:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=48996"},"modified":"2026-06-28T21:49:36","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T18:49:36","slug":"sposoby-vyrashhivaniya-plodovyh-derevev-v-stlanczevoj-forme-dlya-holodnyh-regionov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/sposoby-vyrashhivaniya-plodovyh-derevev-v-stlanczevoj-forme-dlya-holodnyh-regionov\/","title":{"rendered":"Sovuq mintaqalar uchun mevali daraxtlarni sudraluvchi shaklda o'stirish usullari"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qattiq iqlimli mintaqalarda issiqlikni yaxshi ko'radigan mevali ekinlarni yetishtirish toj hosil qilish uchun maxsus yondashuvni talab qiladi. Ko'pgina an'anaviy olma va danakli mevali navlar maxsus himoyasiz juda past haroratga chiday olmaydi. Innovatsion qishloq xo'jaligi texnikalaridan foydalanish o'simliklarga noqulay atrof-muhit sharoitlariga moslashish imkonini beradi. Bu usullar yog'ochni muzlashdan saqlash va hosilning to'liq pishishini ta'minlashga qaratilgan.<\/p>\n

\"Noto'g'ri<\/p>\n

Slanets tojini shakllantirish texnologiyasi<\/h2>\n

Sudralib yuruvchi shakl daraxtni gorizontal ravishda, tojini tuproq yuzasiga iloji boricha yaqinroq qilib o'stirishni o'z ichiga oladi. Bu usul qorsiz qish va kuchli shamolli hududlar uchun juda muhimdir, bu yerda an'anaviy daraxtlar birinchi mavsumda nobud bo'ladi. Bu tartib shoxlarning tuproqda isishiga va qishki sovuqdan qo'shimcha himoya ta'minlashga imkon beradi.<\/p>\n

Ko'chatni bahorda 45 graduslik burchak ostida eking, darhol asosiy tanasini yerdan 10-15 sm balandlikdagi sanchqilar bilan mahkamlang. Yoz davomida yon kurtaklarni asta-sekin egib, mahkamlang, bu esa bir xil yorug'lik va shamollatishni ta'minlaydigan tekislangan shakl hosil qiladi. Yozda muntazam ravishda Azizillo qilish muhim, daraxtga o'xshash shaklni tiklashga moyil bo'lgan vertikal o'sadigan kurtaklarni olib tashlash kerak.<\/p>\n

Qishga tayyorgarlik uzoq muddatli muzlash harorati boshlanishidan oldin boshlanadi, yog'och esa egiluvchan bo'lib qoladi. Daraxtning toji yerga bosiladi, qalin material bilan qoplanadi va shamolning shikastlanishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun mahkamlanadi. Sovuq tushgandan so'ng, inshoot qor qatlami bilan qo'shimcha izolyatsiya qilinadi va bahorgacha ishonchli issiqlik to'sig'ini yaratadi.<\/p>\n

\"Bahorda<\/p>\n

Meva daraxtlarini devorga o'rnatish xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n

Vertikal devorga ishlov berish mevali daraxtlarni tungi sovuqdan himoya qilish uchun kunduzgi vaqtda bino konstruktsiyasi tomonidan to'plangan issiqlikdan foydalanish imkonini beradi. Eng yaxshi variant - janubga qaragan yog'och devor bo'lib, u yozda qizib ketmaydi va qishda metall yoki beton kabi muzlamaydi. O'simliklar poydevordan 30 sm masofada ekilgan, asosiy tanasi devorga biriktirilgan panjara tomon yo'naltirilgan.<\/p>\n

Qatlamlarni shakllantirish uchun shoxlarning rivojlanishi ustidan qat'iy nazorat talab etiladi, ular qat'iy gorizontal ravishda mahkamlanadi. Quyosh nuri har bir mevali shoxga yetib borishini ta'minlash uchun qatlamlar orasida taxminan 40 sm masofa qoldirish tavsiya etiladi. Namlik va sovuqdan po'stlog'iga zarar yetkazmaslik uchun pastki qavat yerdan kamida 30 sm masofada joylashgan bo'lishi kerak.<\/p>\n

Muntazam ravishda Azizillo qilish muvaffaqiyat uchun juda muhimdir, chunki busiz daraxt tezda hosildorlikni yo'qotadi va tagida yalang'och bo'ladi. Yozning o'rtasida meva kurtaklari shakllanishini rag'batlantirish uchun to'rtinchi barg ustidagi yosh kurtaklarni chimchilab qo'ying. Shoxlar qalinlashganda ularning po'stloqqa o'sib chiqishining oldini olish uchun biriktirish joylarini diqqat bilan tekshirish kerak.<\/p>\n

\"Iyul<\/p>\n

Daraxtni butaga aylantirish<\/h2>\n

Mevali daraxtlarni butalar sifatida o'stirish qishki boshpana va tojni parvarish qilish jarayonini sezilarli darajada soddalashtiradi. Ushbu tartib bilan ko'chat dastlab tananing pastki qismidan chiqadigan bir nechta teng skelet shoxlarini rivojlantirishga yo'naltirilgan. Bu ochiq sharoitlarda sovuqqa eng moyil bo'lgan baland markaziy yetakchining shakllanishiga yo'l qo'ymaydi.<\/p>\n

Chuqur xandaqqa gorizontal ravishda ko'chat ekish daraxtni o'z ildizlariga mahkam o'rnashishiga yordam beradi, bu esa uning yashovchanligini oshiradi. Poyasi tuproq sathidan 5-10 sm pastroqqa ko'miladi, bunda faqat toj hosil bo'lishi uchun zarur bo'lgan shoxlar sirt ustida qoladi. Vaqt o'tishi bilan bu o'simliklar yanada ixcham va noqulay iqlim sharoitlariga chidamli bo'lib qoladi.<\/p>\n

Buta shakli pastki shoxlarni ildiz otish orqali sevimli navlarni ko'paytirish uchun ham qulaydir. Kurtaklarni yerga egish orqali siz ona o'simlikning barcha nav xususiyatlarini saqlab qoladigan yuqori sifatli qalamchalarni olishingiz mumkin. Bu yondashuv qattiq qishlarda noyob navlarni yo'qotish xavfini kamaytiradi va past o'sadigan butalarda doimiy meva berishni ta'minlaydi.<\/p>\n

\"Olma<\/p>\n

O'sish usullarining taqqoslash jadvali<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Yo'l<\/td>\nQo'llab-quvvatlash turi<\/td>\nAsosiy afzallik<\/td>\nParvarish qilishning qiyinligi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Stlanets<\/td>\nShoxlar, yer<\/td>\nKuchli shamollardan himoya<\/td>\nYuqori<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Devorga o'rnatilgan<\/td>\nPanjara, devor<\/td>\nBinoning issiqlik iste'moli<\/td>\nO'rtacha<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Butali<\/td>\nTalab qilinmaydi<\/td>\nQishki boshpana qulayligi<\/td>\nPast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Bog'bonlardan tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n

Devor hosil qilish uchun metall panjaradan foydalanish mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n

Metalldan foydalanish juda istalmagan, chunki bu material yuqori issiqlik o'tkazuvchanligi bilan ajralib turadi. Yozda sirt juda qiziydi, bu esa po'stloq kuyishiga olib keladi, qishda esa u tez soviydi va bu o'simlik to'qimalarining chuqur muzlashiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n

Sudralib yuruvchi daraxtlarning tanalarini oqlash kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

Bahorda qishki qoplamani olib tashlaganingizdan so'ng darhol daraxt tanasini oqlash juda muhimdir. Bu po'stlog'ini quyosh yonishidan himoya qiladi, bu esa daraxtlar uzoq vaqt qorong'ida himoya materiali ostida bo'lganidan keyin haroratning keskin o'zgarishi natijasida yuzaga keladi.<\/p>\n

Panjaradagi mahkamlagichlarni qanchalik tez-tez tekshirishim kerak?<\/h3>\n

Tayanchlarni tekshirish mavsumda kamida ikki marta, bahorda va yoz o'rtalarida amalga oshirilishi kerak. Bu tayanch elementlarining po'stloqni kesishiga yo'l qo'ymaydi va tayanchlarni o'z vaqtida bo'shashtirishga imkon beradi, faol o'sayotgan shoxlarning haddan tashqari qattiqlashishiga yo'l qo'ymaydi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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