{"id":46436,"date":"2026-06-29T13:12:29","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=46436"},"modified":"2026-06-29T13:12:29","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T10:12:29","slug":"azimina-trehlopastnaya-kak-vyrastit-plodonosyashhee-derevo-v-sadu-pri-morozah-do-28-gradusov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/azimina-trehlopastnaya-kak-vyrastit-plodonosyashhee-derevo-v-sadu-pri-morozah-do-28-gradusov\/","title":{"rendered":"Pawpaw: -28\u00b0C gacha bo'lgan haroratda bog'da mevali daraxtni qanday o'stirish mumkin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pawpaw, odatda banan daraxti sifatida tanilgan, noyob bog' ekinidir. Annonaceae oilasiga mansub bu bargli o'simlik banan, mango va ananasning aralashmasini eslatuvchi g'ayrioddiy ta'mga ega katta, suvli mevalarni beradi. Ushbu ekzotik ekinni yetishtirish uning biologik siklini va mahalliy iqlimga moslashishini tushunishni talab qiladi. To'g'ri yetishtirish texnikasini tushunish hatto mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida ham barqaror hosil olishga imkon beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Pawpaw<\/p>\n

Botanika xususiyatlari va tavsifi<\/h2>\n

Pawpaw keng piramidal toj hosil qiladi, bog'larda balandligi 2 metrdan 4 metrgacha yetadi. Yosh novdalar pufakchali po'stloqqa ega bo'lib, yoshi bilan kulrang-jigarrang rangga aylanadi. Uzunligi 35 sm gacha bo'lgan katta, charm barglar navbatma-navbat joylashib, zich, dekorativ soyabon hosil qiladi.<\/p>\n

Gullash may oyida, barg kurtaklari ochilishi bilan bir vaqtda boshlanadi. Qo'ng'iroqsimon gullar oqdan to'q binafsha ranggacha bo'lgan noyob tuzilishga va rangga ega. Gul kurtaklari erta shakllanadi, ammo himoya qoplamalari tufayli ular qisqa bahorgi sovuqlarga muvaffaqiyatli bardosh beradi.<\/p>\n

Meva rivojlanishi uchun uzoq vegetatsiya davri, meva pishganidan boshlab kamida 160 kun talab qilinadi. O'simlik tabiatda endemikdir, shuning uchun muvaffaqiyatli meva berish uchun barqaror harorat juda muhimdir. Noto'g'ri ekish joylari, masalan, haddan tashqari soya, gullashning yo'qligiga va kurtaklarning rivojlanmaganligiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n

\"Asimina\"<\/p>\n

Meva hosil bo'lishi va yig'ib olish xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n

Ko'chatlar yettinchi-sakkizinchi yillarda meva bera boshlaydi, payvand qilingan ko'chatlar esa birinchi hosilni ancha oldinroq berishi mumkin. Mevalari silindrsimon bo'lib, og'irligi 500 grammgacha yetishi mumkin. Mevasi kremsimon konsistentsiyaga ega va vitaminlar, temir va mikroelementlarga boy.<\/p>\n

Meva o'ziga xos sariq-jigarrang rangga yetganda hosil yig'ish boshlanadi. Agar meva qattiq terilgan bo'lsa, uni ikki haftagacha uyda pishishi mumkin. Shuni yodda tutish kerakki, haddan tashqari pishgan mevalar tezda ta'mini yo'qotadi va kuchli hidga ega bo'ladi, shuning uchun hosilni muntazam ravishda kuzatib borish juda muhimdir.<\/p>\n

Yangi boshlovchilarning asosiy xatosi - to'liq pishgan mevalarni tashishga urinishdir, chunki ularning po'stlog'i juda nozik va ozgina bosim ostida osongina shikastlanadi. Mevalarni yumshay boshlaganda terib olish va salqin joyda pishish tavsiya etiladi. Uzoq muddatli saqlash uchun go'shtni muzlatish mumkin, bu uning ozuqaviy qiymatini saqlab qoladi.<\/p>\n

\"Papaya<\/p>\n

Turli xillik va sovuqqa chidamlilik<\/h2>\n

Pawpawning o'zaro changlanadigan duragaylari mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida o'stirish uchun mos keladi. Turni tanlash nafaqat ta'mni, balki eng yaxshi navlarda -29\u00b0C ga yetadigan past haroratga chidamlilikni ham belgilaydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Turli-tumanlik<\/td>\nMeva xususiyatlari<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mango<\/td>\nApelsin go'shti, mango ta'mi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Shenandoah<\/td>\n260 g gacha bo'lgan katta mevalar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prima 1216<\/td>\nO'z-o'zini changlatuvchi, ixcham toj<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yozgi zavq<\/td>\nErta pishib yetilish davri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Turni tanlashda, o'zaro changlatish zarurligini hisobga olish muhimdir. Meva pishishini ta'minlash uchun uchastkada kamida ikki-uch xil nav ekish tavsiya etiladi. Payvandlangan ikki-uch yoshli ko'chatlardan foydalanish birinchi hosilni yig'ib olish vaqtini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi.<\/p>\n

\"Uch<\/p>\n

Tuproq va ekish talablari<\/h2>\n

Pawpaw uchun optimal tuproq ozgina kislotali yoki neytral bo'lib, havo o'tkazuvchanligi yuqori. Suvning turg'unligi ildiz tizimiga zararli, shuning uchun og'ir qumloq tuproqlarda maydalangan tosh yoki kengaytirilgan loydan iborat drenaj qatlami juda muhimdir. Organik o'g'it 70 sm chuqurlikdagi ekish chuquriga qo'shiladi, uni unumdor tuproq bilan yaxshilab aralashtiriladi.<\/p>\n

O'simlikning ildizlari shikastlanishga juda sezgir bo'lgani uchun, ildiz tomiga zarar yetkazmaslik uchun ekish qayta yuklash orqali amalga oshiriladi. Tojning normal rivojlanishi va yorug'likka kirishni ta'minlash uchun daraxtlar orasidagi masofa kamida 3-4 metr bo'lishi kerak. Ekilgandan so'ng, namlik bug'lanishining oldini olish uchun tananing atrofidagi joy torf yoki po'stloq bilan mo'l-ko'l mulchalanadi.<\/p>\n

Agar hududdagi tuproq og'ir bo'lsa, qo'pol qum yoki maydalangan tosh qo'shish tavsiya etiladi. Bu tuproq tuzilishini yaxshilaydi va zichlashning oldini oladi. Ekishdagi xato - ildiz bo'yinbog'ini juda chuqur ekish, bu esa o'simlik o'sishini sekinlashtiradi va sovuq qishda uning o'limiga olib kelishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

\"Papaw<\/p>\n

Parvarish va qishloq xo'jaligi texnologiyasi<\/h2>\n

Pawpawga g'amxo'rlik qilish, ayniqsa gullash va meva berish bosqichlarida, yumshoq suv bilan muntazam sug'orishni o'z ichiga oladi. O'g'itlash aprel oyining boshidan sentyabrgacha ikki hafta oralig'ida, murakkab mineral o'g'itlar yoki organik moddalar yordamida amalga oshiriladi. Sovuq tushgunga qadar kurtaklar pishib yetilishi uchun yoz oxirida daraxtni azot bilan ortiqcha oziqlantirmaslik muhimdir.<\/p>\n

Mulchalash muhim qishloq xo'jaligi amaliyotidir. Doimiy mulcha qatlami tuproqning barqaror haroratini saqlaydi va namlikni saqlaydi, bu esa yosh o'simliklar uchun juda muhimdir. Agar mulchalash imkoni bo'lmasa, har bir sug'orishdan keyin tuproqni yumshating, sirt ildizlariga zarar yetkazmaslikka harakat qiling.<\/p>\n

Uch yoshgacha bo'lgan yosh ko'chatlarni qishlash majburiy himoyani talab qiladi. Ularni muzlashdan himoya qilish uchun tuproq, archa shoxlari yoki to'qilmagan materiallardan foydalaning. Idishdagi o'simliklar harorati 2 dan 6 daraja Selsiygacha bo'lgan xonalarga ko'chiriladi, bu esa o'simliklarning kamida uch haftalik to'liq uyqu davrini boshdan kechirishiga imkon beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Panjalar<\/p>\n

TSS<\/h3>\n

Urug'lardan papaya o'stirish mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n

Ha, mumkin, lekin bu jarayon urug'larni 3-4 oy davomida 0 dan -5 daraja Selsiygacha bo'lgan haroratda tabaqalashtirishni talab qiladi. Ko'chatlar sekin, ba'zan ekishdan ikki oy o'tgach paydo bo'ladi va transplantatsiyaga juda sezgir bo'ladi. Nav xususiyatlarini saqlab qolish uchun ko'chatlarni payvand qilish kerak.<\/p>\n

Panjalarni Azizillo qilish kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

Daraxt tabiiy ravishda chiroyli tojga ega bo'lgani uchun, shakllantiruvchi Azizillo ixtiyoriydir. Biroq, erta bahorda, sharbat oqishni boshlashdan oldin, barcha o'lik va shikastlangan shoxlarni olib tashlash kerak. Asosiy meva o'tgan yilgi kurtaklarda hosil bo'lishini unutmang.<\/p>\n

Agar mevalar pishmasa nima qilish kerak?<\/h3>\n

Ko'pincha, sabab o'zaro changlanishning yo'qligi yoki changlatuvchi hasharotlarning yetishmasligidir. Bunday hollarda, yumshoq cho'tka bilan qo'lda changlatish samarali bo'ladi, chunki bu mevalar sonini sezilarli darajada oshirishi mumkin. Shuningdek, daraxtga yetarli miqdorda to'g'ridan-to'g'ri quyosh nuri tushishiga ishonch hosil qiling - kuniga kamida to'rt soat.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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