{"id":44007,"date":"2026-06-28T12:16:46","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T09:16:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=44007"},"modified":"2026-06-28T12:16:46","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T09:16:46","slug":"10-sortov-kolonovidnyh-yablon-dlya-srednej-polosy-s-zimostojkostyu-do-40-gradusov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/10-sortov-kolonovidnyh-yablon-dlya-srednej-polosy-s-zimostojkostyu-do-40-gradusov\/","title":{"rendered":"O'rta zona uchun qishki chidamliligi -40 daraja Selsiygacha bo'lgan 10 ta ustunli olma daraxti navlari"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ustunsimon olma daraxtlari - bu deyarli butunlay bitta tanadan o'sadigan, yoyilgan toj hosil qilmaydigan noyob nav. Bu daraxtlar minimal joy egallaydi, bu esa bir akr (0,00 m\u00b2) maydonga 20 tagacha mevali namunalarni ekish imkonini beradi. Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida ular har bir kvadrat metr yerdan samarali foydalanish juda muhim bo'lgan kichik bog'lar uchun ideal yechimdir. To'g'ri parvarish va nav tanlash bilan bu olma daraxtlari ikkinchi yildan boshlab meva bera boshlaydi va har bir daraxtdan 20 kg gacha meva beradi. Shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, ustunsimon daraxtlar qishki chidamlilikka alohida e'tibor berishni talab qiladi, chunki ularning apikal kurtaklari qattiq sovuqqa sezgir.<\/p>\n

O'sish va ekish xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n

Muvaffaqiyatli rivojlanish uchun ustunsimon olma daraxtlari neytral pH qiymati 6,0 dan 7,0 gacha bo'lgan unumdor, yaxshi drenajlangan tuproqqa muhtoj. Ekish teshiklari oldindan tayyorlanadi, dastlabki bir necha yil davomida ozuqa moddalarini ta'minlash uchun kompost va fosfor-kaliyli o'g'itlar bilan boyitiladi. Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida ko'chat ekish uchun eng maqbul vaqt erta bahor yoki erta kuzdir.<\/p>\n

Harorat daraxtning uzoq umr ko'rishida muhim rol o'ynaydi, garchi zamonaviy navlar qattiq qishlarga moslashgan bo'lsa ham. Ekishda payvandlash joyi tuproq sathidan 3-5 sm balandlikda bo'lishiga ishonch hosil qilish muhimdir; aks holda daraxt ildiz otishi va ustunsimon o'sishini yo'qotishi mumkin. Bog'bonlarning keng tarqalgan xatosi - daraxtni juda chuqur ekish, bu esa ildiz chirishiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n

Yon shoxlarning yo'qligi parvarish qilishni osonlashtiradi, ammo apikal kurtakni muntazam ravishda kuzatib borishni talab qiladi. Agar u qishda shikastlansa, daraxt shoxlana boshlaydi va shaklini yo'qotadi. Bunday hollarda, bog'bonlar tuzatuvchi Azizillo qilishadi, bunda tananing o'sishini davom ettirish uchun eng kuchli novda qoladi.<\/p>\n

Erta yoz navlari<\/h2>\n

Yozgi navlar iyul oyining oxiridan avgust oyining o'rtalariga qadar hosil beradi. Ular shirinlikka o'xshash ta'mga ega, ammo saqlash muddati 2\u20134 haftadan oshmaydi. Bu olma yangi iste'mol qilish yoki uyda tayyorlangan murabbo uchun juda mos keladi.<\/p>\n

"Vasyugan" navi -40\u00b0C gacha sovuqqa chidamliligi va 200 g gacha og'irlikdagi cho'zilgan, konussimon mevalari bilan faxrlanadi. "Medok" asalga o'xshash ta'mga va -42\u00b0C gacha sovuqqa chidamli ildizlarga ega, bu esa uni shimoliy hududlar uchun mashhur tanlovga aylantiradi. "Prezident" o'zining shirinlikka o'xshash mevalari va yuqori mahsuldorligi bilan bog'bonlarni o'ziga jalb qiladi, to'g'ri parvarish bilan har bir daraxtdan 16 kg gacha hosil oladi.\"Ustunli\"Ustunli\"Ustunli<\/p>\n

Uzoq muddatli iste'mol uchun kuzgi navlar<\/h2>\n

O'rta mavsum olma daraxtlari sentyabr oyida pishib yetiladi va uch oygacha saqlanishi mumkin. Ular asosiy qo'ziqorin kasalliklariga chidamli va kuzgi harorat o'zgarishiga yaxshi bardosh beradi. Oilani yetarli vitaminlar bilan ta'minlash uchun ikkita yoki uchta shunday daraxt ekish kifoya.<\/p>\n

\u00ab"Jin" o'zining ixcham o'lchami va pishganida tushib ketmaydigan suvli, qarsildoq go'shtli mevalari bilan qadrlanadi. "Triumph" shirin olma ixlosmandlarini asal ta'mi bilan xursand qiladi, ammo o'rtacha sovuqqa chidamliligi tufayli qishki himoyani talab qiladi. "Ostankino" yuqori hosildor nav bo'lib, 16 kg gacha olma hosil berishga qodir, "Senator" esa g'ayrioddiy to'q qizil po'stlog'i va kukunli chiriyotganga yuqori chidamliligi bilan maqtanadi.\"Ustunli\"Ustunli\"Ustunli\"Ustunli<\/p>\n

Saqlash uchun qishki navlar<\/h2>\n

Qishki ustunsimon olma daraxtlari mart oyigacha o'z ta'mini saqlab qoladi, bu ularni qishki iste'mol uchun ajralmas qiladi. "Valyuta" ajoyib saqlash muddatiga ega va qoraqo'tirga chidamli. "Moskva marjonlari" 200 g gacha katta mevalar beradi, oktyabr oyiga qadar pishib yetiladi. "Yantarnoye Ozhelezh" har bir daraxtdan 20 kg gacha yuqori hosil beradi va to'g'ri haroratda saqlanganda besh oygacha saqlanishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Turli-tumanlik<\/td>\nPishib yetilish davri<\/td>\nHosildorlik<\/td>\nSaqlash<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vasyugan<\/td>\nAvgust<\/td>\n7 kg<\/td>\n2 oy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nektar<\/td>\nAvgust<\/td>\n10 kg<\/td>\n1 oy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Valyuta<\/td>\nSentyabr<\/td>\n10 kg<\/td>\n5 oy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kehribar marjon<\/td>\nSentyabr<\/td>\n20 kg<\/td>\n5 oy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\"Ustunli\"Ustunli<\/p>\n

Uyingizga g'amxo'rlik qilishda keng tarqalgan xatolar<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Yozning ikkinchi yarmida azotli o'g'itlar bilan ortiqcha oziqlantirish, bu qishga chidamlilikni pasaytiradi.<\/li>\n
  • Quruq davrlarda sug'orishni e'tiborsiz qoldirish tuxumdonlarning to'kilishiga olib keladi.<\/li>\n
  • Kuya kabi zararkunandalarga qarshi profilaktik davolash usullarining yo'qligi.<\/li>\n
  • Juda zich ekish, tojning shamollatilishiga to'sqinlik qiladi.<\/li>\n
  • Yon kurtaklarni noto'g'ri Azizillo qilish, ustun shaklini buzish.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n

    Ustunli olma daraxtlarini qish uchun qoplash kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

    Ko'pgina navlar qishga yaxshi chidamlilikka ega, ammo apikal kurtak zaif nuqtadir. Qattiq qish paytida, muzlashdan himoya qilish uchun tanani va uchini to'qilmagan material bilan o'rash tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n

    Birinchi hosilni qachon kutish kerak?<\/h3>\n

    Ustunsimon olma daraxtlari erta meva berishi bilan mashhur. Birinchi mevalar ekilganidan keyingi ikkinchi yilda paydo bo'lishi mumkin va to'liq meva berish to'rtinchi yoki beshinchi yilda boshlanadi.<\/p>\n

    Ustunli olma daraxtlariga changlatgichlar kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

    Ko'pgina navlar o'z-o'zini sterilizatsiya qiladi yoki qisman o'z-o'zini unumdor qiladi. Bir xil hosilni ta'minlash uchun yaqin atrofda bir vaqtning o'zida gullaydigan ikki yoki uchta navni ekish tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":44008,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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