{"id":43921,"date":"2026-06-28T12:34:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T09:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=43921"},"modified":"2026-06-28T12:34:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T09:34:45","slug":"pravilnoe-formirovanie-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya-v-otkrytom-grunte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/pravilnoe-formirovanie-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya-v-otkrytom-grunte\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochiq yerda meva berishni uzaytirish uchun to&#039;g&#039;ri pomidor ekish"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pomidorlar Peruning qurg&#039;oqchil mintaqalariga xos, shuning uchun ularning biologik talablari mo&#039;&#039;tadil iqlim sharoitidan sezilarli darajada farq qiladi. Ochiq havoda muvaffaqiyatli yetishtirish bog&#039;bonning ekinning tabiiy yashash muhitini taqlid qiladigan sharoitlarni yaratish qobiliyatiga bevosita bog&#039;liq. O&#039;simliklarni to&#039;g&#039;ri parvarish qilish nafaqat pishib yetishni tezlashtiradi, balki sovuqqa qadar hosilni yig&#039;ish davrini sezilarli darajada uzaytiradi. To&#039;g&#039;ri Azizillo va chimchilash o&#039;simlikning quyosh nuriga kirishini ta&#039;minlaydi va qo&#039;ziqorin kasalliklarining oldini oladi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/moj-opyt-formirovaniya-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya_6a405b1c31a4c.jpeg\" alt=\"Meva berishni uzaytirish uchun pomidorlarni shakllantirish tajribam\"><\/p>\n<h2>Determinant pomidorlarni shakllantirish tamoyillari<\/h2>\n<p>Aniqlangan navlar cheklangan o&#039;sish shakli bilan ajralib turadi, bunda asosiy poya 5-6 ta gul to&#039;plami hosil bo&#039;lgandan keyin rivojlanishni to&#039;xtatadi. Bunday o&#039;simliklar uchun optimal o&#039;stirish shakli ikki poyali hisoblanadi, bu esa butaga tushadigan yukni muvozanatlashga yordam beradi. O&#039;simlik meva ishlab chiqarish hisobiga o&#039;sayotgan barglarga resurslarni isrof qilmasligi uchun barg qo&#039;ltiqlarida paydo bo&#039;ladigan yon kurtaklarni o&#039;z vaqtida olib tashlash muhimdir.<\/p>\n<p>Yon novdalarni erta, novdalar uzunligi 3-4 sm ga yetganda olib tashlash kerak. Agar bunga e&#039;tibor berilmasa, yon novda oziqlantirishni o&#039;z zimmasiga oladi va undagi mevalar mayda va ko&#039;zga tashlanmaydi. Ikkinchi poya hosil qilish uchun birinchi gul to&#039;plami ostida joylashgan eng kuchli yon novdani qoldiring. Muntazam ravishda olib tashlash butani ko&#039;p barglari bo&#039;lgan zich &quot;Rojdestvo daraxti&quot; o&#039;rniga samarali tizimga aylantiradi.<\/p>\n<p>Yon kurtakni gul to&#039;plamidan ajratish juda oson, diqqat bilan tekshirish kerak. Gul to&#039;plami har doim faqat kurtaklardan iborat va uning tagida barglari bo&#039;lmaydi. Agar barglari bo&#039;lgan kurtak barg qo&#039;ltig&#039;idan chiqsa, bu yon kurtak bo&#039;lib, darhol olib tashlanishi kerak. Tegishli parvarish bilan aniq pomidorlar ochiq yer sharoitida barqaror hosil beradi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/moj-opyt-formirovaniya-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya_6a405b1c8b025.jpeg\" alt=\"Agar barglar bo&#039;lsa, bu o&#039;gay o&#039;g&#039;il, uni olib tashlashdan tortinmang.\"><\/p>\n<h2>Kasalliklarning oldini olish uchun pastki barglarni olib tashlash<\/h2>\n<p>Butaning pastki qismidan barglarni olib tashlash o&#039;simlikning sog&#039;lig&#039;ini saqlash uchun muhim madaniy amaliyotdir. Ushbu protsedura tuproq yuzasi yaqinida havo aylanishini yaxshilaydi, bu esa kechki fitoftoroz va boshqa qo&#039;ziqorin infektsiyalarining oldini olish uchun juda muhimdir. Asosiy tanaga zarar yetkazmaslik uchun barglarni o&#039;tkir qaychi bilan qirqish tavsiya etiladi, taxminan 1 sm uzunlikdagi kichik bir dum qoldiring.<\/p>\n<p>Ish asta-sekinlik bilan amalga oshirilishi kerak: har bir tupda bir vaqtning o&#039;zida 1-2 bargdan ko&#039;p bo&#039;lmasligi kerak. Optimal davr quruq, quyoshli ob-havo bo&#039;lib, bu kesilgan joylarning tez bitishiga yordam beradi. Jarayon haftada bir marta bajarilishi kerak. Muvozanatni saqlash va normal fotosintez va mevalarning oziqlanishini ta&#039;minlash uchun o&#039;simlikda kamida 10 ta to&#039;liq rivojlangan barg qoldirish muhimdir.<\/p>\n<p>Barglarni olib tashlamaslik ildiz zonasida namlikning turg&#039;unligiga olib keladi va bu patogenlar uchun ideal muhit yaratadi. Tuproq bilan aloqada bo&#039;lgan eski barglar ko&#039;pincha infektsiyaning birinchi joylariga aylanadi. To&#039;g&#039;ri shakllangan butaning tagida yalang&#039;och tanasi bo&#039;lishi kerak, bu quruq havo va yer usti qismi bo&#039;ylab to&#039;siqsiz shamollatishni ta&#039;minlaydi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/moj-opyt-formirovaniya-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya_6a405b1d178b5.jpeg\" alt=\"Pomidorni ikkita tanaga shakllantirish\"><\/p>\n<h2>Gilos pomidorini parvarish qilish bo&#039;yicha maslahatlar<\/h2>\n<p>Gilos pomidorlari o&#039;ziga xos rivojlanish xususiyatlariga ega bo&#039;lib, ularni o&#039;rgatishda boshqacha yondashuvni talab qiladi. Katta mevali hamkasblaridan farqli o&#039;laroq, ular keng shoxlanishga moyil bo&#039;ladi va haddan tashqari chimchilash umumiy hosildorlikka salbiy ta&#039;sir ko&#039;rsatishi mumkin. Tajribali bog&#039;bonlar ko&#039;pincha gilos pomidorlarini chimchilamasdan qoldirishni afzal ko&#039;rishadi, bu esa ularga ko&#039;plab mayda mevalar bilan qoplangan yaltiroq toj hosil qilish imkonini beradi.<\/p>\n<p>Bunday &quot;mo&#039;ynali&quot; butalarda shamollatishni ta&#039;minlash uchun faqat 2-3 ta pastki bargni olib tashlash kifoya. Gilos pomidorlarini ekishda o&#039;simliklar orasida taxminan 80 sm masofani saqlash muhimdir. Bu har bir shox uchun yetarli joyni ta&#039;minlaydi, bu esa yuqori namlikda ortiqcha o&#039;sish va kasalliklarning tarqalishi xavfini kamaytiradi.<\/p>\n<p>Bu strategiya gilos pomidorlarini sentyabr oyining oxirigacha, hatto ochiq havoda ham yig&#039;ib olishga imkon beradi. Bog&#039;bonning bu navlarni yetishtirishdagi asosiy tashvishi to&#039;g&#039;ri tayanchni ta&#039;minlashdir, chunki mevalarning mo&#039;lligi ularning qolishiga olib kelishi mumkin. Tegishli tayanch bo&#039;lmasa, yerga tegib turgan mevalar tezda chiriydi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/moj-opyt-formirovaniya-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya_6a405b1d9a711.jpeg\" alt=\"Vaqt o&#039;tishi bilan, pomidor o&#039;simligimning pastki qismi yalang&#039;och, faqat barglarning dumlari.\"><\/p>\n<h2>Aniqlanmagan navlarning shakllanishi<\/h2>\n<p>Aniqlanmagan navlar cheksiz o&#039;sishi bilan ajralib turadi, bu esa bog&#039;bon tomonidan qat&#039;iy nazoratni talab qiladi. Birinchi gul to&#039;plami 10-12 bargdan keyin hosil bo&#039;ladi, keyingi gul to&#039;plamlari har 2-3 bargda hosil bo&#039;ladi. Mo&#039;&#039;tadil iqlim sharoitida, barcha mevalar sovuq ob-havo boshlanishidan oldin pishib yetilishi uchun avgust oyida apikal o&#039;sishni cheklash kerak.<\/p>\n<p>Aniqlanmagan navlar ko&#039;pincha bitta poyaga o&#039;stiriladi. Bu o&#039;simlikka barcha kuchini katta mevalar yetishtirishga va guldastalarning o&#039;z vaqtida pishishini ta&#039;minlashga qaratish imkonini beradi. Yon kurtaklarni qisib, barglarni olib tashlashda, maksimal shamollatishni ta&#039;minlash uchun aniqlangan navlar uchun bo&#039;lgani kabi qoidalarga amal qiling.<\/p>\n<p>Kechasi harorat juda muhim: ular 12\u00b0C dan pastga tushganda, tuproqdan ozuqa moddalarining so&#039;rilishi sekinlashadi. Bu davrda barglarni kuzatib borish va shubhali joylarni tezda olib tashlash muhimdir. Mavsum oxirida yuqori o&#039;sishni cheklash hosilning bog&#039;da yashil bo&#039;lib qolmasligini ta&#039;minlaydi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/moj-opyt-formirovaniya-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya_6a405b1e31531.jpeg\" alt=\"Pomidorni bitta tanaga shakllantirish\"><\/p>\n<h2>Sug&#039;orish va yoritishni tashkil qilish<\/h2>\n<p>Meva berish intensivligida yorug&#039;lik hal qiluvchi rol o&#039;ynaydi. O&#039;simliklar orasidagi minimal 50 sm masofa va keng qator oraliqlari pomidorlarga kun davomida maksimal quyosh nurini olish imkonini beradi. Keng yo&#039;laklar, shuningdek, parvarish qilishni osonlashtiradi va tabiiy shamollatishni ta&#039;minlaydi, bu esa yomg&#039;irli yozda juda muhimdir.<\/p>\n<p>Sug&#039;orish faqat ildizlardan amalga oshirilishi kerak, afzalroq purkagichdan foydalanish kerak. O&#039;rilgan, quritilgan o&#039;t bilan mulchalash tuproq namligini saqlab qolish va ildizlarni qizib ketishdan himoya qilish uchun samarali hisoblanadi. Bu qatlam har 3-4 kunda bir martadan ko&#039;p bo&#039;lmagan miqdorda sug&#039;orishga imkon beradi, chunki mulcha ostidagi tuproq uzoq vaqt nam bo&#039;lib qoladi.<\/p>\n<p>Kechki fitoftoroz rivojlanishining oldini olish uchun barglar va poyalarga suv tushishiga yo&#039;l qo&#039;ymaslik juda muhimdir. Quruq havo va o&#039;rtacha nam tuproq pomidor uchun juda mos keladi. Mulchalash shuningdek, o&#039;simlikning pastki qismlarining nam tuproq bilan aloqa qilishiga yo&#039;l qo&#039;ymaydi va qo&#039;shimcha himoya qatlamini ta&#039;minlaydi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/moj-opyt-formirovaniya-tomatov-dlya-prodleniya-plodonosheniya_6a405b1ec5391.jpeg\" alt=\"Pomidorlarni bog&#039;lash kerak.\"><\/p>\n<h3>Pomidorlarni qanday qilib to&#039;g&#039;ri bog&#039;lash kerak?<\/h3>\n<p>Pomidor poyalari barglar va mevalarning og&#039;irligini ko&#039;tara olmasligi sababli, ularni bog&#039;lash juda muhim. O&#039;simlikni mahkamlash uchun U shaklidagi panjaralar yoki qoziqlar eng yaxshisidir. Bitta poyani bog&#039;lashda, arqonni soat miliga teskari yo&#039;nalishda o&#039;rab, poyaning qalinlashishi uchun bo&#039;sh halqa hosil qiling.<\/p>\n<h3>Nima uchun ekish oralig&#039;ini saqlash muhim?<\/h3>\n<p>50\u201380 sm masofani saqlash har bir o&#039;simlikka quyosh nuri yetib borishini ta&#039;minlaydi va suvning turg&#039;unligining oldini oladi. Yaxshi havo aylanishi kechki fitoftoroz xavfini kamaytiradi. Tajriba shuni ko&#039;rsatadiki, zich ekilgan o&#039;simliklar har doim kamroq hosil beradi va kasalliklarga ko&#039;proq moyil bo&#039;ladi.<\/p>\n<h3>Noaniq pomidorlarning o&#039;sishini qachon cheklash kerak?<\/h3>\n<p>Mo&#039;&#039;tadil iqlim sharoitida tepaliklarni chimchilash avgust oyining boshida va janubiy mintaqalarda avgust oyining oxirida amalga oshirilishi kerak. Bu o&#039;simlikka o&#039;z energiyasini allaqachon shakllangan shoxchalarni pishishiga yo&#039;naltirish imkonini beradi. Ushbu protsedurasiz o&#039;simlik o&#039;sishda davom etadi, ammo sovuq ob-havo boshlanishidan oldin mevalar vazn va shakar orttirishga ulgurmaydi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0422\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044b \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0443\u0448\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044b. \u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":43922,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[38],"class_list":["post-43921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sezonnye-raboty","tag-sad-i-ogorod"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43921"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46011,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43921\/revisions\/46011"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}