{"id":39888,"date":"2026-06-28T00:17:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-27T21:17:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=39888"},"modified":"2026-06-28T00:17:14","modified_gmt":"2026-06-27T21:17:14","slug":"pochemu-skruchivayutsya-listya-yabloni-pri-porazhenii-vreditelyami-i-deficzite-pitaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/pochemu-skruchivayutsya-listya-yabloni-pri-porazhenii-vreditelyami-i-deficzite-pitaniya\/","title":{"rendered":"Nima uchun olma daraxtining barglari zararkunandalar va ozuqaviy moddalar yetishmasligi hujumiga uchraganda k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Olma daraxtidagi barglarning jingalaklanishi jiddiy fiziologik kasallik yoki zararkunandalar hujumining belgisidir. Daraxt noqulay tashqi sharoitlarga barg pichoqlarining shaklini o'zgartirish, namlikning bug'lanishini minimallashtirish yoki o'zini tashqi ta'sirlardan himoya qilish orqali reaksiya beradi. Ushbu hodisaning sabablarini tushunish o'z vaqtida aralashish va kelajakdagi hosilni saqlab qolish imkonini beradi. Muammoni erta bosqichda to'g'ri tashxislash bu mavsumda bog'ni parvarish qilishni sezilarli darajada osonlashtiradi.<\/p>\n

\"Olma<\/p>\n

Qizil o't va oddiy shira<\/h2>\n

Qizil o't pufagi barglarda o'ziga xos qizil shishlar qoldiradi, ularda zararkunandalar koloniyalari joylashgan. Zararkunandalar sharbatni so'rib oladi, bu esa barg to'qimalarining deformatsiyasi va burishishiga olib keladi. Ko'pincha Antonovka va Golden Kursky Renet navlari zararlanadi.<\/p>\n

Samarali nazorat qilish uchun aprel oyida yerdan bir metr balandlikda o'rnatilgan ushlovchi kamarlar samarali hisoblanadi. Lichinkalar to'lqinlar shaklida tuxumdan chiqishi sababli, har besh-olti kunda yopishqoq qatlamni muntazam ravishda almashtirish muhimdir. Bu chumolilarning harakatlanishiga to'sqinlik qiladi, ular shiralarni yosh kurtaklarga faol ravishda yoyadilar.<\/p>\n

Zararkunandalarning og'ir holatlarida, o'rim-yig'im davriga qat'iy rioya qilgan holda, insektitsidlar qo'llaniladi. Zararkunandalar bilan birga jingalak kurtaklar uchlarini qo'lda olib tashlash muqobil variant bo'lishi mumkin. Po'stlog'ini muntazam ravishda kuzatib borish va o'lik tangachalarni olib tashlash shiralarni tuxumlari uchun qishlash joylaridan mahrum qiladi.<\/p>\n

Yosh barglardagi changli chiriyotgan<\/h2>\n

Kukunli chiriyotgan yosh barglarda oq qoplama sifatida namoyon bo'ladi, bu oxir-oqibat ularning qurishi va jingalaklanishiga olib keladi. Infektsiya yuqori namlik va issiqlik sharoitida, ayniqsa toj shamollatilishi yomon bo'lgan zich ekishlarda yaxshi rivojlanadi. Davolashsiz kasallik hosildorlikni 30-50% ga kamaytiradi (1-jadval).<\/p>\n

Blyashka paydo bo'lishining dastlabki belgilarida o'simliklarni Topaz kabi fungitsidlar bilan davolang. Ko'rsatmalarga amal qilish va hosilni yig'ib olishdan bir oy oldin purkash muhimdir. Qo'ziqorin sporalarining tarqalishini oldini oluvchi Bordo suyuqligi ham qo'shimcha davolash usuli hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n

Kuz va bahorda daraxt tanasi hududidan barcha o'simlik qoldiqlarini olib tashlashni va uni tashqarida yoqib yuborishni unutmang. Bu infektsiya xavfini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi. O'z vaqtida Azizillo qilish shamollatishni yaxshilaydi va qo'ziqorin kasalliklari rivojlanishining oldini oladi.<\/p>\n

\"Qizil<\/p>\n

Qo'ziqorin va qo'ziqorin infektsiyalari<\/h2>\n

Qo'ziqorin barg pichoqlariga hujum qiladi, bu esa zaytun-jigarrang qoplama va keyinchalik jingalaklanishga olib keladi. Zamburug'li sporalari shamolli va nam havoda tez tarqalib, barglardan mevalarga tarqaladi. Ta'sirlangan joylar oxir-oqibat yorilib, chiriydi.<\/p>\n

Profilaktika maqsadida Fitosporin-M kabi biofungitsidlar gullashdan oldin erta bahorda qo'llaniladi. Agar kasallik avj olsa, Fitolavin kabi fungitsidlar qo'llaniladi. Ushbu davolash ikki marta amalga oshiriladi: meva kurtaklarini himoya qilish uchun gullashdan oldin va gullashdan keyin darhol.<\/p>\n

Surunkali holatlarda, har bir chelak suvga kaliy sulfat (15 g), kaliy nitrat (15 g), ammoniy nitrat (10 g) va ammoniy sulfat (10 g) aralashmasi bilan bargdan oziqlantirish yordam beradi. Har 5-6 kunda purkang. Har qanday kimyoviy moddalar bilan ishlaganda qo'lqop kiyishingizga ishonch hosil qiling.<\/p>\n

Azot va fosfor yetishmasligi<\/h2>\n

Azot yetishmasligi barglarning jingalaklanishi va och yashil rangga kirishi bilan namoyon bo'ladi. Kuchli yetishmovchilik barglarning sarg'ayishiga va muddatidan oldin tushishiga olib keladi. Yetishmovchilikni ammiakli selitra (har bir daraxtga 20 g gacha) surtish yoki kechqurun 0,51 TP3T karbamid eritmasi bilan purkash orqali tuzatish mumkin.<\/p>\n

Fosfor yetishmasligi barglarning qizg'ish, binafsha yoki bronza rangga aylanishiga, oxir-oqibat qorayishiga olib keladi. Fosfor kislotali tuproqlarda yomon so'riladi, shuning uchun tosh fosfat yoki monokaliy fosfatdan foydalanish tavsiya etiladi. Barcha o'g'itlar doimiy tuproq namligini va chirindi bilan mulchalashni talab qiladi.<\/p>\n

Kaliy yetishmasligi barglarning qirralarining pastga egilishiga va xira kulrang-yashil tus paydo bo'lishiga olib keladi. Bo'shashgan tuproqqa kaliy sulfat qo'shish yordam beradi. Yog'och kulining kaliy miqdori 5% dan oshmasligi sababli, u faqat qo'shimcha hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n

\"Kukunli<\/p>\n

Kaltsiy va namlikning yetishmasligi<\/h2>\n

O'sish nuqtasi qurib qolishi bilan barg yuqoriga qarab qiyshayishi kaltsiy yetishmovchiligining jiddiy belgisidir. Bu muammoni tuproqni ohaklash, daraxt tanasiga 70-100 g ohak qo'shish orqali hal qilish mumkin. Bir necha kundan keyin muvozanatli ovqatlanishni ta'minlash uchun kaliy sulfat qo'shiladi.<\/p>\n

Namlikning yetishmasligi barglarning jingalaklanishiga va qurib qolishiga ham olib keladi. Olma daraxtlari uchun optimal tuproq namligi darajasi 70\u2013751\u00b0C (170\u2013185\u00b0F). Tomchilatib sug'orish o'simlikning namlikni teng ravishda olishini ta'minlaydi va stressni yo'q qiladi. Gullash, kurtak ochish va mevalarning faol o'sishi davrida sug'orish zarur.<\/p>\n

Jadval: Element yetishmasligi holatida o'g'itlash jadvali<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Element<\/td>\nO'g'it<\/td>\nChelak uchun standart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Azot<\/td>\nAmmoniy nitrat<\/td>\n18-20 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fosfor<\/td>\nSuperfosfat<\/td>\n30-50 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaliy<\/td>\nKaliy sulfat<\/td>\n20-30 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaltsiy<\/td>\nLaym<\/td>\n70-100 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

Bog'bonlardan tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n

Sovunni shiralarga qarshi ishlatish mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n

Ha, kir yuvish sovuni bitlarni dastlabki bosqichlarda nazorat qilishda samarali. U yopishqoq plyonka hosil qiladi, bu esa hasharotlarning nafas olishini qiyinlashtiradi, ammo uni qayta-qayta qo'llashni talab qiladi.<\/p>\n

Nima uchun davolanishdan keyin jingalaklik davom etadi?<\/h3>\n

Ehtimol, noto'g'ri strategiya tanlangan yoki ariza berish muddati o'tkazib yuborilgan. Agar kasallik fungitsid bilan davolashdan keyin davom etsa, o'g'it tarkibini ko'rib chiqish va tuproqning pH qiymatini tekshirish kerak.<\/p>\n

Qurg'oqchilik paytida olma daraxtini qanchalik tez-tez sug'orish kerak?<\/h3>\n

Sug'orish mo'l-ko'l, lekin kamdan-kam hollarda bo'lishi kerak, tuproq ildizlar chuqurligigacha namlanganligiga ishonch hosil qiling. Issiq davrlarda tuproqning yuqori qatlamining holatini kuzatib boring - agar u barmoq chuqurligida quruq bo'lsa, sug'orish vaqti keldi.<\/p>\n

\"Oziq\"Olma<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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