{"id":39481,"date":"2026-06-27T20:42:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-27T17:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=39481"},"modified":"2026-06-27T20:42:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-27T17:42:19","slug":"vyrashhivanie-ajvy-yaponskoj-i-uhod-za-kustarnikom-dlya-polucheniya-urozhaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/vyrashhivanie-ajvy-yaponskoj-i-uhod-za-kustarnikom-dlya-polucheniya-urozhaya\/","title":{"rendered":"Yapon behisini yetishtirish va hosil olish uchun butaga g'amxo'rlik qilish"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yapon behisi, odatda Chaenomeles nomi bilan tanilgan, yorqin gullari va xushbo'y mevalari bilan bardoshli buta hisoblanadi. Bog'larda bu o'simlik o'zining oddiy tabiati va bir joyda o'nlab yillar davomida meva berish qobiliyati bilan qadrlanadi. To'g'ri ekish va minimal Azizillo har yili bu "shimoliy limon"dan yuqori sifatli hosil olish imkonini beradi. O'simlikning biologik xususiyatlarini tushunish tojni shakllantirishda va joy tanlashda xatolardan qochishga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Yapon<\/p>\n

Xaenomelalarning rivojlanishi va meva berishining xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n

Xaenomeles atirgul oilasiga mansub bo'lib, erta meva berishi bilan mashhur bo'lib, ekilganidan keyin 3-4 yil ichida hosil bera boshlaydi. Mevalari qattiq go'shtga va o'ziga xos sitrus aromatiga ega bo'lib, kech kuzgacha shoxlarida qoladi. Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida buta odatda 2,5 metrgacha balandlikka etadi, shimoliy hududlarda esa ko'pincha sajda shaklida bo'ladi.<\/p>\n

O'simlikning ildiz tizimi 4-6 metr chuqurlikka kirishi mumkin, bu esa uni qurg'oqchilikka juda chidamli qiladi. Biroq, ortiqcha namlik va turg'un yer osti suvlari ildiz chirishiga olib kelishi mumkin, shuning uchun og'ir loy tuproqlarda drenaj talab qilinadi. Kuchli o'sish uchun optimal pH qiymati 6-7 dir.<\/p>\n

Juda zich ekish, bu yorug'likning kamayishiga va mevalarning kichrayishiga olib keladi, xato hisoblanadi. To'g'ri o'zaro changlanishni ta'minlash uchun bir nechta turli navlarni bir-biridan 1,5-2 metr masofada ekish tavsiya etiladi. Yorug'likning yetarli emasligi butaning cho'zilishiga olib keladi va tuxumdonlar soni sezilarli darajada kamayadi.<\/p>\n

Yozgi yozgi uchastkada ekish qoidalari<\/h2>\n

Ko'chat ekish uchun eng yaxshi vaqt bahor, sharbat faol oqishni boshlamasdan oldin yoki kuzning boshidir. Ekish teshigi ildiz tizimini sig'dira oladigan darajada katta bo'lishi kerak va pastki qismiga organik moddalar va mineral o'g'it qo'shish foydalidir. Bir chelak kompost, 150 g superfosfat va 40 g kaliy sulfat aralashmasi o'sishning dastlabki bir necha yillarida ozuqa beradi.<\/p>\n

Ekish paytida ildiz bo'yinbog'ini tuproq yuzasi bilan bir tekisda qoldiring. Chuqur ekish kurtaklarning haddan tashqari o'sishiga yordam beradi, bu esa asosiy o'simlikning energiyasini yo'qotadi. Tuproqni siqgandan so'ng, har bir ko'chat uchun taxminan 10 litr suv sarflab, o'simlikni mo'l-ko'l sug'oring.<\/p>\n

\"Yapon<\/p>\n

Oziqlantirish va sug'orish jadvali<\/h2>\n

Ekilganidan keyingi dastlabki ikki yil ichida yosh o'simliklar quruq davrlarda o'rtacha sug'orishga muhtoj. Chuqur ildiz otgan yetuk butalar, agar yoz juda issiq bo'lmasa, deyarli qo'shimcha namlikka muhtoj emas. Haddan tashqari sug'orish meva berish hisobiga ortiqcha barglarning o'sishiga yordam berishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

O'g'itlash bahorda o'simliklarni rag'batlantirish uchun azotli o'g'itlar yoki nitrophoska kabi murakkab birikmalar yordamida amalga oshiriladi. Kuzda o'simlikni qishga tayyorlash uchun butaga fosfor-kaliy aralashmalari qo'llaniladi. Amalda, har bir yetuk butaga 80-100 g fosfor va 40-50 g kaliy yetarli bo'ladi.<\/p>\n

Bog'bonlarning keng tarqalgan xatosi - bu yomon tuproqlarni o'g'itlamaslik, bu vaqt o'tishi bilan hosilning degradatsiyasiga olib keladi. Agar tuproq unumdor bo'lsa, bahorda bitta o'g'itlash kifoya qilishi mumkin, bu o'simlik o'sib ulg'aygan sari asta-sekin kamayadi.<\/p>\n

Yoshartirish uchun Azizillo texnikasi<\/h2>\n

Yillik sanitariya Azizillosi gullashdan keyin, shikastlangan, quruq va zich shoxlarni olib tashlash orqali amalga oshiriladi. Yerga yaqin gorizontal o'sadigan kurtaklar ham olib tashlanadi. Bu havo aylanishini yaxshilaydi va qo'ziqorin kasalliklari xavfini kamaytiradi.<\/p>\n

5-6 yoshdan katta butalar uchun yoshartirish Azizillosi zarur, chunki eski novdalar meva berishni to'xtatadi. Bu eng qadimgi novdalarni olib tashlashni, faqat kuchli, yosh novdalarni qoldirishni o'z ichiga oladi. Ideal holda, yetuk buta turli yoshdagi 15-16 kurtakdan iborat bo'lishi kerak.<\/p>\n

\"Yapon<\/p>\n

Navlarni ko'paytirish va tanlash<\/h2>\n

Nav xususiyatlarini saqlab qolish uchun qatlama yoki yashil qalamchalar orqali vegetativ ko'paytirish afzalroqdir. Urug'larni ko'paytirish ko'pincha to'siqlar yaratish uchun ishlatiladi, chunki bu qishda tuproqda urug'larning tabiiy tabaqalanishini talab qiladi. Ekish kuzda amalga oshiriladi va bahorda bir xil ko'chatlar paydo bo'ladi.<\/p>\n

Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida ekish uchun navni tanlashda, ma'lum turning sovuqqa chidamliligini hisobga oling. "Vitaminny" yoki "Nika" kabi yirik mevali navlar to'g'ri parvarish bilan 100 g gacha vaznga ega meva beradi. Qurg'oqchil hududlar uchun noqulay sharoitlarga yuqori darajada chidamli bo'lgan "Volgogradskiy" navi ko'proq mos keladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Turli-tumanlik<\/td>\nO'rtacha meva vazni<\/td>\nXususiyatlari<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vitamin<\/td>\n80\u2013100 g<\/td>\nKatta mevali, xushbo'y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nika<\/td>\n80\u2013100 g<\/td>\nKasallikka chidamli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Volgograd<\/td>\n35\u201340 g<\/td>\nQurg'oqchilikka chidamli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nikolay<\/td>\n35\u201350 g<\/td>\nSovuqqa chidamli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

O'sish haqida tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n

Nima uchun behi mevalari mayda bo'lib qoladi?<\/h3>\n

Asosiy sabab tuproqda ozuqa moddalarining yetishmasligi yoki yoshartiruvchi Azizillo yetishmasligidir. Olti yoshdan oshgan eski shoxlar katta meva bera olmaydi, shuning uchun ularni muntazam ravishda Azizillo qilish kerak. Meva hosil bo'lish davrida butani yetarli yorug'lik bilan ta'minlash va o'z vaqtida sug'orish ham muhimdir.<\/p>\n

Qish uchun behi daraxtini qoplashim kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

Markaziy va janubiy iqlim sharoitida Chaenomeles qor qoplamisiz yaxshi qishlaydi. Shimoliy hududlarda novdalarning uchlari muzlab qolishi mumkin, shuning uchun o'sishning dastlabki bir necha yilida yosh butalarni yerga egish yoki archa shoxlari bilan qoplash tavsiya etiladi. Yetuk o'simliklar yuqori chidamlilikka ega va qattiq qishdan tezda tiklanadi.<\/p>\n

Qachon hosil yig'ish kerak?<\/h3>\n

Mevalar sentyabr yoki oktyabr oylarida uzoq muddatli sovuq boshlanishidan oldin yig'ib olinadi. Ular salqin xonada yaxshi pishadi va fevralgacha 2 dan 3\u00b0C gacha bo'lgan haroratda saqlanishi mumkin. Pishmagan mevalar ko'pincha o'tkir ta'mga ega, shuning uchun ularni kompot yoki murabbo tayyorlash yaxshidir.<\/p>\n

\"Yapon\"Gullash\"Yapon<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":39482,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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