{"id":37881,"date":"2026-06-25T19:27:21","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:27:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=37881"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:27:21","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:27:21","slug":"kak-vyrastit-tykvu-v-otkrytom-grunte-i-vybrat-luchshie-sorta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/kak-vyrastit-tykvu-v-otkrytom-grunte-i-vybrat-luchshie-sorta\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochiq havoda qovoqlarni qanday etishtirish va eng yaxshi navlarni tanlash"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Qovoq - bu minimal mehnat bilan mo&#039;l hosil beradigan oson yetishtiriladigan qovun ekinidir. Oshpazlik qiymatidan tashqari, mevalar dorivor xususiyatlarga ega va juda dekorativ bo&#039;lib, ularni bog&#039;ni bezash uchun ideal qiladi. Mo&#039;&#039;tadil iqlim sharoitida, agar asosiy dehqonchilik amaliyotlariga rioya qilinsa, qovoqlar 15 dan 50 kg gacha bo&#039;lgan vazndagi mevalarni berishi mumkin.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tykva-solnechnaya-yagoda-vyrashhivanie-uhod-sorta_6a3d4ff91590c.jpeg\" alt=\"Bog&#039;da pishgan qovoqlarning hosili\"><\/p>\n<h2>Kimyoviy tarkibi va foydalari<\/h2>\n<p>Qovoq pulpasida 11% gacha shakar, kraxmal, pektin, tola va vitaminlar majmuasi (B, C, E, PP va K) mavjud. Uning yuqori kaliy, magniy, temir va rux miqdori uni parhezning ajralmas qismiga aylantiradi. Qovoq urug&#039;lari, ayniqsa, immunitetni va erkaklar salomatligini saqlash uchun zarur bo&#039;lgan yog&#039;li yog&#039;lar, fitosterollar va ruxning yuqori miqdori tufayli qimmatlidir.<\/p>\n<h2>Qovoqning asosiy turlari<\/h2>\n<p>Uy bog&#039;larida etishtirish uchun ko&#039;pincha pedunkul tuzilishida farq qiluvchi uchta tur tanlanadi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Katta mevali:<\/strong> Uning poyasi yumaloq shaklga ega va sovuqqa juda chidamli. Mevalari ulkan o&#039;lchamlarga yetishi va 15% gacha shakarni o&#039;z ichiga olishi mumkin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Muskat yong&#039;og&#039;i:<\/strong> Poyasi kengayganligidan tanib olinadi. Bu turning navlari eng issiqliksevar, karotin va vitaminlarga boy va ixcham urug&#039; kamerasiga ega.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qattiq qobiqli:<\/strong> Poyasidagi aniq oluklar bilan tavsiflanadi. Bu turga qovoq va pattypan qovoq kiradi, ular ko&#039;pincha texnik pishganlik bosqichida iste&#039;mol qilinadi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tykva-solnechnaya-yagoda-vyrashhivanie-uhod-sorta_6a3d4ff96b195.jpeg\" alt=\"Xarakterli meva shakliga ega yong&#039;oqli qovoq\"><\/p>\n<h2>Yetishtirish xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n<p>Qovoq quyoshli joylarni afzal ko&#039;radigan issiqliksevar o&#039;simlikdir. Muvaffaqiyatli rivojlanishi uchun tuproq 15\u00b0C gacha isishi kerak. Qovoq tuproqning ozuqaviy qiymati jihatidan talabchan, shuning uchun kuzgi ishlov berish paytida organik moddalar (kompost yoki gumus) va mineral o&#039;g&#039;itlar qo&#039;shish tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n<h3>Ekish va ekish<\/h3>\n<p>Urug&#039;lar 10 sm chuqurlikdagi tuproq 14-15\u00b0C gacha qiziganda ochiq yerga ekiladi. Yozi qisqa bo&#039;lgan hududlarda ko&#039;chatlarga afzallik beriladi. Ko&#039;chat ekish paytida ildizpoyaga zarar yetkazmaslik uchun ko&#039;chatlar torf idishlarida o&#039;stiriladi. Doimiy joyga ekish iyun oyining birinchi yarmida, tungi sovuq xavfi o&#039;tib ketgandan so&#039;ng amalga oshiriladi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tykva-solnechnaya-yagoda-vyrashhivanie-uhod-sorta_6a3d4ff9f2e73.jpeg\" alt=\"Qovoq uzumlari o&#039;sadigan to&#039;shak\"><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td>Sahna<\/td>\n<td>Tavsiya<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ekish sxemasi<\/td>\n<td>O&#039;simliklar orasida 70-90 sm, qatorlar orasida 1 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sug&#039;orish<\/td>\n<td>Faqat iliq suv bilan (+20 \u00b0C), ildiz ostida<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yuqori kiyinish 1<\/td>\n<td>3-5 bosqich barglari: nitrophoska (har bir tupga 7-10 g)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yuqori kiyinish 2<\/td>\n<td>To&#039;quv boshlanishi: nitrophoska (har bir tupga 10-15 g)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Kasalliklar va zararkunandalardan himoya qilish<\/h2>\n<p>Ildiz chirishi va kukunli chiriyotganning oldini olish uchun biologik fungitsidlar (Bacillus subtilis yoki Trichoderma asosida) tavsiya etiladi. Davolash har 10-12 kunda amalga oshiriladi. Bioinsektitsidlar zararkunandalarga (shira, oqadilar, t\u0131rt\u0131llar) qarshi samarali hisoblanadi. Shuni yodda tutish kerakki, biologik mahsulotlarni kimyoviy moddalar bilan birga saqlamaslik kerak, chunki ular tirik ekinlarni o&#039;ldiradi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tykva-solnechnaya-yagoda-vyrashhivanie-uhod-sorta_6a3d4ffa71013.jpeg\" alt=\"Yosh qovoq kurtaklari\"><\/p>\n<h2>Tozalash va saqlash<\/h2>\n<p>Quruq tok novdalari va rang-barang mevalar hosil yig&#039;im-terimining belgisidir. Sovuqdan oldin hosil yig&#039;ib olish muhimdir. Meva chirishining oldini olish uchun poyani 6-8 sm uzunlikda kesish kerak. Yirik mevali navlar uzoq muddatli saqlash uchun mos keladi; ular 10\u00b0C dan yuqori haroratlarda bir yilgacha saqlanishi mumkin.<\/p>\n<h3>TSS<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nima uchun qovoq gullamaydi?<\/strong> Ko&#039;pincha, bu gullash davrida namlikning yetishmasligi yoki azotli o&#039;g&#039;itlarning ko&#039;pligi bilan bog&#039;liq bo&#039;lib, bu mevalarga zarar yetkazadigan yashil massaning o&#039;sishiga sabab bo&#039;ladi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kurtaklarni chimchilashim kerakmi?<\/strong> Ha, meva ustida 3-5 barg chiqqandan keyin asosiy kurtaklarning uchlarini chimchilash hosilning pishishini tezlashtiradi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qovoq yoniga qovoq ekish mumkinmi?<\/strong> Keyingi mavsumda urug&#039;larning ta&#039;miga ta&#039;sir qilishi mumkin bo&#039;lganligi sababli, o&#039;zaro changlanish mumkinligi sababli tavsiya etilmaydi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qovoq pishganini qanday bilasiz?<\/strong> Poyasi quriydi va tiqilib qoladi, po&#039;stlog&#039;i esa navga xos rang va qattiqlikni oladi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0422\u044b\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0445\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37882,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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