{"id":37845,"date":"2026-06-25T19:27:56","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=37845"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:27:56","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:27:56","slug":"poshagovoe-rukovodstvo-po-vyrashhivaniyu-rassady-percza-v-domashnih-usloviyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/poshagovoe-rukovodstvo-po-vyrashhivaniyu-rassady-percza-v-domashnih-usloviyah\/","title":{"rendered":"Uyda qalampir ko&#039;chatlarini yetishtirish bo&#039;yicha bosqichma-bosqich qo&#039;llanma"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Qalampir yetishtirishning o&#039;ziga xos xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n<p>Qalampirlar issiqliksevar ekinlar bo&#039;lib, uzoq vaqt o&#039;sadigan mavsumga ega, 90 kundan 180 kungacha. Rossiyaning aksariyat mintaqalaridagi iqlim tufayli yerga to&#039;g&#039;ridan-to&#039;g&#039;ri yetishtirishning iloji yo&#039;q, shuning uchun ko&#039;chatlar ishlatiladi. Shirin va achchiq navlar bir xil o&#039;stirish sharoitlarini talab qiladi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vyrashhivanie-rassady-percza_6a3d3bd5815f9.jpeg\" alt=\"Ko&#039;chat qutisidagi yosh qalampir ko&#039;chatlari\"><\/p>\n<h2>Tayyorlash va ekish texnologiyasi<\/h2>\n<h3>Ekish sanalari<\/h3>\n<p>Optimal ekish vaqti mintaqaga va navning pishib yetilishiga bog&#039;liq. Janubiy hududlarda ekish fevral oyining oxirida, mo&#039;&#039;tadil iqlim sharoitida esa 10-25 fevral oralig&#039;ida boshlanadi. Turli pishib yetilish guruhlariga mansub urug&#039;larni 2-3 hafta oralig&#039;ida ekish tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n<h3>Tuproq tayyorlash<\/h3>\n<p>Ko&#039;chatlar uchun torf tuproq (2 qism), chirindi yoki torf (1 qism) va qum (0,5-1 qism) dan iborat bo&#039;shashgan, ozuqaviy moddalarga boy substrat tayyorlang. Muhim qadam tuproqni bug&#039;lash yoki kaliy permanganat eritmasi bilan sug&#039;orish orqali dezinfeksiya qilishdir. Tarkibi yaxshilanishi uchun aralashmaning har bir chelagiga 30-40 g nitroammofoska va bir stakan yog&#039;och kulini qo&#039;shing.<\/p>\n<h3>Urug&#039;larni tayyorlash<\/h3>\n<p>Qalampir urug&#039;larining unib chiqish energiyasi past, shuning uchun ular oldindan ishlov berishni talab qiladi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kalibrlash:<\/strong> 10 daqiqa davomida sho&#039;r eritmaga (1 litr suvga 30 g) botiring. Suzib yuruvchi urug&#039;larni olib tashlang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qattiqlashuv:<\/strong> quruq urug&#039;lar uchun 3-5 kun davomida haroratning o&#039;zgaruvchanligi (kunduzi +20\u2026+22 \u00b0C va kechasi +2\u2026+3 \u00b0C).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dezinfeksiya:<\/strong> qora oyoq va ildiz chirishidan himoya qilish uchun biofungitsidlardan (Fitosporin, Alirin-B) foydalanish.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rag&#039;batlantirish:<\/strong> Epin, Zirkon yoki yog&#039;och kulining infuzion eritmalarida 12-15 soat davomida namlash.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nihol:<\/strong> nam matoda +20\u2026+25 \u00b0C haroratda \u00abcho\u00bbqish\u201d paydo bo\u2018lguncha (odatda 2-3 kun) saqlang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vyrashhivanie-rassady-percza_6a3d3bd64db90.jpeg\" alt=\"Nam mato ustiga qalampir urug&#039;larini unib chiqish\"><\/p>\n<h3>Ekish<\/h3>\n<p>Urug&#039;lar 1\u20131,5 sm chuqurlikda ekiladi. Idishlar plastik o&#039;ram bilan yopiladi va unib chiqquncha 25\u00b0C haroratda saqlanadi. Nihol chiqqandan so&#039;ng, ko&#039;chatlarning cho&#039;zilib ketishining oldini olish uchun harorat vaqtincha (kunduzi 14\u201316\u00b0C gacha va kechasi 8\u201310\u00b0C gacha) pasaytiriladi.<\/p>\n<h2>Ko&#039;chatlarga g&#039;amxo&#039;rlik qilish<\/h2>\n<p>O&#039;simliklar 1-2 ta haqiqiy barg bosqichiga yetganda, ularni alohida stakanlarga (8x8 yoki 10x10 sm) ko&#039;chirib o&#039;tkazing. Tuproqning yuqori qatlami quriganida iliq suv (20-25\u00b0C) bilan sug&#039;oring. Shamollamasdan muntazam shamollatish juda muhimdir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Parvarish bosqichi<\/th>\n<th>Tavsiyalar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yuqori kiyinish<\/td>\n<td>Ikki marta: 2-3 barg bosqichida va ekishdan bir hafta oldin. Superfosfat, ammoniy nitrat va xlorsiz kaliy ishlatiladi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Qattiqlashuv<\/td>\n<td>Ekishdan ikki hafta oldin, o&#039;simliklarni asta-sekin tashqi havoga moslashtiring va sug&#039;orishni kamaytiring.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vyrashhivanie-rassady-percza_6a3d3bd6aa077.jpeg\" alt=\"Alohida idishlarda sog&#039;lom shirin qalampir ko&#039;chatlari\"><\/p>\n<h2>Yerga ekish<\/h2>\n<p>Ko&#039;chatlar 60-80 kunlik yoshida, 15 sm chuqurlikdagi tuproq +14\u2026+16 \u00b0C gacha qiziganda ko&#039;chat ekishga tayyor bo&#039;ladi. O&#039;simliklar 7\u201310 ta haqiqiy bargga ega bo&#039;lishi va taxminan 20 sm balandlikda bo&#039;lishi kerak.<\/p>\n<h3>TSS<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nima uchun qalampir yaxshi unib chiqmaydi?<\/strong> Asosiy sabab sovuq tuproq. Tuproq harorati +20\u2026+28\u00b0C dan past bo&#039;lmasligi kerak.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Terib olish shartmi?<\/strong> Agar siz alohida idishlardan boshlasangiz, bu shart emas. Teshmaslik usuli ko&#039;pincha kuchliroq o&#039;simliklarni beradi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ko&#039;chatlarni kasal bo&#039;lmasligi uchun ularni nima bilan sug&#039;orishim kerak?<\/strong> Qo&#039;ziqorin infektsiyalarining rivojlanishini bostirish uchun har ikki haftada biofungitsidlardan (Trichodermin, Planriz) foydalaning.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ko&#039;chatlaringizni qattiqlashtirish vaqti kelganini qanday bilasiz?<\/strong> Ekishdan 14 kun oldin, o&#039;simliklar kuchli o&#039;sib, kuchli ildiz tizimini shakllantirganida.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 90 \u0434\u043e 180 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37846,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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