{"id":37591,"date":"2026-06-25T19:35:12","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:35:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=37591"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:35:12","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:35:12","slug":"sposoby-vegetativnogo-razmnozheniya-vinograda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/sposoby-vegetativnogo-razmnozheniya-vinograda\/","title":{"rendered":"Uzumning vegetativ ko&#039;payish usullari"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Uzumzorlar yuqori regeneratsiya qobiliyatiga ega, bu ularni ota o&#039;simlikning barcha nav xususiyatlarini saqlab qolgan holda vegetativ ravishda ko&#039;paytirish imkonini beradi. Urug&#039;lar bilan ko&#039;paytirishdan farqli o&#039;laroq, nav xususiyatlarini yo&#039;qotadi, qalamchalar yoki qatlamlash orqali klonlash bir xil hosildorlik va chidamlilik xususiyatlariga ega ko&#039;chatlarni olishni kafolatlaydi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vegetativnoe-razmnozhenie-vinograda_6a3d37e57b431.jpeg\" alt=\"Bog&#039;dagi uzum novdasi\"><\/p>\n<p>Barg qo&#039;ltiqlarida joylashgan qishlaydigan kurtaklar (ko&#039;zlar) sog&#039;lom o&#039;simlikni tiklash uchun javobgardir. To&#039;g&#039;ri parvarish bilan tokning istalgan qismi ildiz otishi mumkin, ammo yangi butaning to&#039;liq rivojlanishini kurtaklari bo&#039;lgan kurtaklar ta&#039;minlaydi.<\/p>\n<h2>Qishki so&#039;qmoqlarni tayyorlash va saqlash<\/h2>\n<p>Ekish materiallari kuzda yig&#039;ib olinadi, serhosil, sog&#039;lom butalardan diametri 7\u201310 mm bo&#039;lgan yetuk kurtaklar tanlanadi. Meva poyasining o&#039;rta qismidan tok novdalaridan foydalanish yaxshidir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dilimlash:<\/strong> Qalamchalar 2\u20134 kurtak uzunlikda bo&#039;ladi. Pastki kesma kurtakdan 2\u20133 sm pastda, 45\u00b0 burchak ostida, yuqori kesma esa kurtakdan nariga yo&#039;naltirilgan burchak ostida amalga oshiriladi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rag&#039;batlantirish:<\/strong> Ildiz hosil bo&#039;lishini tezlashtirish uchun, kesishning pastki qismida kambiy qatlamigacha igna bilan bir nechta uzunlamas\u0131na tirnalishlar qiling.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dezinfeksiya:<\/strong> Suvda (10-15 soat) namlangandan so&#039;ng, qalamchalar mis sulfatning 3\u20134% eritmasida saqlanadi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Saqlash:<\/strong> Material plyonkaga o&#039;raladi va salqin joyda (muzlatgich yoki yerto&#039;la) saqlanadi, uning holatini muntazam tekshirib turadi va ag&#039;daradi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vegetativnoe-razmnozhenie-vinograda_6a3d37e61476e.jpeg\" alt=\"Saqlash uchun tayyorlangan uzum qalamchalari\"><\/p>\n<h2>Uyda ildiz otish<\/h2>\n<p>Fevral oyida qalamchalar ombordan olib tashlanadi. Kesilgan yuzaga bosish orqali hayotga yaroqlilik tekshiriladi: namlik tomchisi paydo bo&#039;lishi unib chiqishga tayyorligini ko&#039;rsatadi.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Sahna<\/td>\n<td>Harakat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ho&#039;llash<\/td>\n<td>1-2 kun toza iliq suvda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Qayta ishlash<\/td>\n<td>Ildiz stimulyatori eritmasida 20\u201324 soat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Qo&#039;nish<\/td>\n<td>Drenajli va o&#039;rmon tuprog&#039;i va chirindi aralashmasi bo&#039;lgan idishda (1:1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Qalamchalar plastik idishlarga ekilgan, pastki qismi chuqur ko&#039;milgan. Issiqxona sharoitlarini yaratish uchun ustiga shaffof oyna qo&#039;yiladi. Sug&#039;orish patnis orqali amalga oshiriladi. Barglar o&#039;sib, ildizlar paydo bo&#039;lgach, ko&#039;chatlar qattiqlasha boshlaydi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vegetativnoe-razmnozhenie-vinograda_6a3d37e681400.jpeg\" alt=\"Idishga uzum so&#039;qmoqlarini ekish jarayoni\"><\/p>\n<h2>Yashil qalamchalar<\/h2>\n<p>Bu usul gullash boshida, ortiqcha kurtaklarni olib tashlashda qo&#039;llaniladi. Ikki barg va kurtakli yashil qalamchalar 7-8 soat davomida stimulyator eritmasiga joylashtiriladi, shundan so&#039;ng ular qutilarga yoki stakanlarga ekiladi. 22-25\u00b0C harorat va yuqori namlikni saqlab turish, o&#039;simliklarni muntazam ravishda purkash muhimdir.<\/p>\n<h2>Vertikal va gorizontal qatlamlash<\/h2>\n<p>Vertikal qatlamlash faol ildiz o&#039;sadigan navlar uchun mos keladi. Bahorda, kurtaklar o&#039;sishi bilan bir necha bosqichda tuproq aralashmasi bilan tuproqlanadi. Kuzga kelib, tuproqli joyda ildizlar hosil bo&#039;ladi, shundan so&#039;ng yosh butalar ona o&#039;simlikdan ajratiladi.<\/p>\n<p>Gorizontal (xitoycha) qatlamlash tokni 10-12 sm chuqurlikdagi xandaqqa yotqizishni o&#039;z ichiga oladi. Ildizlarni rag&#039;batlantirish uchun tokning tugunlarida kesmalar amalga oshiriladi, novda yerga mahkamlanadi va tuproq bilan qoplanadi. Mavsum oxiriga kelib, har bir tugun to&#039;liq ko&#039;chatga aylanadi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vegetativnoe-razmnozhenie-vinograda_6a3d37e738c92.jpeg\" alt=\"Ildizlangan yosh uzum ko&#039;chati\"><\/p>\n<h2>Tez-tez so&#039;raladigan savollar: Tez-tez so&#039;raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n<h3>Nima uchun so&#039;qmoqlar saqlash paytida chiriydi?<\/h3>\n<p>Asosiy sabab ortiqcha namlik va shamollatishning yo&#039;qligi. Qalamchalarni vaqti-vaqti bilan shamollatish va mog&#039;or bor-yo&#039;qligini tekshirish kerak.<\/p>\n<h3>Qalamchalarni to&#039;g&#039;ridan-to&#039;g&#039;ri ochiq yerga ekish mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n<p>Ha, bu usul qo&#039;llaniladi, lekin u ehtiyotkorlik bilan parvarish qilishni, barqaror tuproq namligini saqlashni va harorat o&#039;zgarishidan himoya qilishni talab qiladi.<\/p>\n<h3>Qalamcha ildiz otganini qanday bilasiz?<\/h3>\n<p>Muvaffaqiyatli ildiz otishning belgisi - bu kurtaklardan barglar bilan kurtaklarning faol o&#039;sishi, shuningdek, shaffof idish devorlarida ildizlarning paydo bo&#039;lishi.<\/p>\n<h3>Kesish paytida barcha barglarni olib tashlashim kerakmi?<\/h3>\n<p>Yashil qalamchalardan foydalanganda, barg pichog&#039;ining bir qismi fotosintez uchun qoldiriladi, ammo namlik bug&#039;lanishini kamaytirish uchun uning maydoni kamayadi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043a \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0451 \u0432\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37592,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[38],"class_list":["post-37591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sezonnye-raboty","tag-sad-i-ogorod"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37591"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37591\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38105,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37591\/revisions\/38105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37592"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}