{"id":37432,"date":"2026-06-25T19:38:55","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:38:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=37432"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:38:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:38:55","slug":"polnoe-rukovodstvo-po-vyrashhivaniyu-i-uhodu-za-vinogradom-na-uchastke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/polnoe-rukovodstvo-po-vyrashhivaniyu-i-uhodu-za-vinogradom-na-uchastke\/","title":{"rendered":"Bog'ingizda uzum yetishtirish va unga g'amxo'rlik qilish bo'yicha to'liq qo'llanma"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uzumning biologik xususiyatlari va foydalari<\/h2>\n

Uzum - bu yuqori regeneratsiya qobiliyatiga ega ko'p yillik tok. Ularning mevalari noyob biokimyoviy tarkibi uchun qadrlanadi: shakar miqdori (glyukoza va fruktoza) 32% ga etadi, bu ularni tez energiya manbai qiladi. Rezavorlar tarkibida organik kislotalar (tartarik, olma va limon), mineral tuzlar majmuasi (kaliy, kaltsiy, magniy va temir) va C, E, B guruhi va karotin kabi turli xil vitaminlar mavjud. Muhim aminokislotalar va fermentlarning mavjudligi inson organizmidagi metabolik jarayonlarni normallashtirishga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Butadagi<\/p>\n

Muvaffaqiyatli yetishtirish shartlari<\/h2>\n

Uzum quyoshni yaxshi ko'radigan ekin hisoblanadi. Tabiiy yashash joylarida tok novdasi uzunligi 40 metrga yetishi mumkin va quyosh nurini ushlab turadi. Yorug'likning yetarli emasligi vegetativ o'sishni generativ o'sishga nisbatan ustun qo'yishiga olib keladi, bu esa hosildorlikka salbiy ta'sir ko'rsatadi.<\/p>\n

Harorat sharoitlari<\/h3>\n

Uzumning rivojlanishi vegetatsiya davrining turli bosqichlarida haroratga juda bog'liq:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Rivojlanish bosqichi<\/td>\nOptimal harorat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kurtak sinishi<\/td>\n+10\u2026+12 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gullash<\/td>\n+25\u2026+30 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mevalarning pishishi<\/td>\n+28\u2026+32 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

Pishib yetish davrida harorat +20 \u00b0C dan pastga tushganda va namlik oshganda, mevalar kamroq shakar to'playdi va ko'proq kislotali bo'ladi.<\/p>\n

\"Uzum<\/p>\n

Namlik va tuproq<\/h3>\n

Chuqur ildiz tizimi tufayli uzum qurg'oqchilikka chidamli hisoblanadi. Biroq, ular turg'un suv va yuqori er osti suvlari sathiga juda chidamsiz. Optimal tuproqlar tuzilgan va o'tkazuvchan. Og'ir loy tuproqlarda drenaj qatlami bo'lgan baland to'shaklarga ekish tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n

Ko'chat ekish texnologiyasi<\/h2>\n

Uzumzor ekishda mintaqaga mos navlarni tanlash muhimdir. Ekish teshigi taxminan 80 x 80 x 90 sm bo'lishi kerak.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Drenaj:<\/strong> Chuqurning tubiga singan g'isht yoki maydalangan tosh qatlami (20-25 sm) qo'yiladi.<\/li>\n
  • Tuproq aralashmasi:<\/strong> Humus (0,5 chelak), superfosfat (300 g) va kaliy tuzini (100 g) unumdor tuproq qatlami bilan aralashtiring.<\/li>\n
  • Fide tayyorlash:<\/strong> Ildizlar 15 sm gacha qisqartiriladi, shikastlangan joylar olib tashlanadi va ular ildiz hosil bo'lish stimulyatorlari qo'shilgan holda loy shlamiga botiriladi.<\/li>\n
  • Qo'nish:<\/strong> Ko'chatni chuqurning o'rtasiga, ildizlarini yoyib, tepalikka qo'ying. Pastki kurtak tuproq yuzasi bilan bir tekisda bo'lishi kerak. Sug'organdan so'ng (taxminan 1 chelak suv), ko'chat atrofida 20-25 sm balandlikda tepalik hosil qiling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \"Yosh<\/p>\n

    Saytda joylashtirish<\/h2>\n

    Kasalliklarning oldini olish va optimal shamollatishni ta'minlash uchun qatorlar orasida 2,0\u20132,5 m va qator ichida 1,5\u20132,0 m masofani saqlang. Sovuq qishli hududlarda toklarni qoplash vositasini ta'minlash muhim, shuning uchun agar iqlim toklarni tayanchlaridan olib tashlashni talab qilsa, baland va doimiy arklar hosil qilmang.<\/p>\n

    \"Panjara<\/p>\n

    Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar: Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n
      \n
    • Uzum ekish uchun eng yaxshi vaqt qachon?<\/strong> Janubiy hududlarda u bahorda (aprel-may) yoki kuzda (oktyabr) sodir bo'ladi. Shimoliy hududlarda esa faqat bahorda, may oyining ikkinchi yarmida sodir bo'ladi.<\/li>\n
    • Ekishdan keyin uzumni sug'orish kerakmi?<\/strong> Ha, ekishdan so'ng darhol mo'l-ko'l sug'orish talab qilinadi, shunda tuproq ildizlarga mahkam yopishadi va bo'shliqlar hosil bo'lmaydi.<\/li>\n
    • Nima uchun uzum yomon meva beradi?<\/strong> Buning sababi zich ekish, quyosh nuri yetarli emasligi yoki Azizillo qoidalariga rioya qilmaslik bo'lishi mumkin.<\/li>\n
    • Ekish uchun og'ir tuproqni qanday tayyorlash mumkin?<\/strong> Teshikka yumshatuvchi materiallar qo'shiladi: kungaboqar poyalari, novdalari, kompost, bu vaqt o'tishi bilan ildiz zonasining aeratsiyasini yaxshilaydi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \"Uzumzorlarga
      \n\"Mevali<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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