{"id":37413,"date":"2026-06-25T19:39:22","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:39:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=37413"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:39:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:39:22","slug":"osnovnye-pravila-uhoda-za-vinogradnikom-dlya-polucheniya-stabilnogo-urozhaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/osnovnye-pravila-uhoda-za-vinogradnikom-dlya-polucheniya-stabilnogo-urozhaya\/","title":{"rendered":"Barqaror hosil olish uchun uzumzorga g'amxo'rlik qilishning asosiy qoidalari"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yosh uzum ko'chatlariga g'amxo'rlik qilish<\/h2>\n

Ekilgandan so'ng, ko'chatlar atrofidagi tuproq muqarrar ravishda zichlashadi, bu esa ildizlarga kislorod kirishiga to'sqinlik qiladi. Ekish mavsumi oxirida qatorlar orasini chuqur yumshatish yoki qazish kerak. Ekishdan keyingi dastlabki 2-3 hafta ichida ko'chatlar moslashadi. Yozning boshida, birinchi kurtaklar paydo bo'lganda, tananing holatini tekshirish va asosiy ildiz tizimining rivojlanishini susaytirishi mumkin bo'lgan sirt ildizlarini (shudring ildizlari) olib tashlash uchun tuproqni taglikdan 10-15 sm ehtiyotkorlik bilan qazish tavsiya etiladi.<\/p>\n

\"Yosh<\/p>\n

Birinchi qishga tayyorgarlik janubiy hududlarda toklarni 20-25 sm chuqurlikka ko'tarish yoki mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida ularni xandaqlar bilan to'liq qoplashni o'z ichiga oladi. Birinchi yilda kam miqdorda, faqat kuchli qurg'oqchilik paytida, har 10 kunda har bir butaga 5 litrgacha iliq suv ishlatib sug'oring. Yog'ochning yaxshiroq pishishi uchun sug'orish avgust oyida to'xtatiladi.<\/p>\n

Katarovka: yuzaki ildizlarni olib tashlash<\/h2>\n

Kesish - bu tuproqning yuqori qatlamida joylashgan, muzlash va qurib ketishga moyil bo'lgan sirt ildizlarini olib tashlashga qaratilgan madaniy amaliyot. Jarayon butaning birinchi yilida ikki marta: iyun va avgust oylarida amalga oshiriladi. Ildizlar butaning bir tomonidan 30 sm gacha chuqurlikda kesiladi va kesilgan joy qayta o'sishining oldini olish uchun, masalan, shlang yoki plastik shisha bilan izolyatsiya qilinadi.<\/p>\n

\"Uzum<\/p>\n

Panjara va garterlarni o'rnatish<\/h2>\n

Tokning to'g'ri rivojlanishi uchun ishonchli tayanch juda muhimdir. Eng yaxshi variant - har 40-60 sm ga 4-5 qator sim tortilgan panjara. Ustunlar bir-biridan 4-5 metr masofada o'rnatiladi va 60-70 sm chuqurlikda ko'miladi. Kurtaklar torayishi va po'stlog'ining shikastlanishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun yumshoq materialdan foydalanib, sakkiz shaklidagi naqshda bog'lanadi.<\/p>\n

Mevali uzumzorning qishloq xo'jaligi texnologiyasi<\/h2>\n

Bahorgi ishlar toklarni ochish va ularni gorizontal ravishda bog'lashdan boshlanadi. Kurtaklar ochilishidan oldin mis yoki temir sulfatning 3% eritmasi bilan purkash qo'ziqorin kasalliklarining oldini olishda samarali hisoblanadi. Yozda ko'kalamzorlashtirish ishlari olib boriladi: kurtaklarni bog'lash va ortiqcha o'simliklarni olib tashlash orqali toklarni yupqalashtirish, bu esa novdalar uchun shamollatish va yorug'lik ta'sirini yaxshilaydi.<\/p>\n

\"Panjara<\/p>\n

Sug'orish va o'g'itlash rejimi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Rivojlanish bosqichi<\/td>\nParvarish bo'yicha ko'rsatmalar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Quruq garterdan keyin<\/td>\nSug'orish + 50\u2013100 g ammoniy nitrat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kurtaklarning tarqalishi<\/td>\nSug'orish + 50\u201370 g ammofos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gullashdan oldin<\/td>\nBor kislotasi bilan bargli oziqlantirish (0.1%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gullashdan keyin<\/td>\nSug'orish + diammonium fosfat yoki kaliyli superfosfat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Gullash davrida sug'orish qat'iyan taqiqlanganligini yodda tutish kerak, chunki bu tuxumdonlarning tushishiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n

Tuproqni himoya qilish va yaxshilashning biologik usullari<\/h2>\n

Samarali mikroorganizmlarga asoslangan eritmalardan (EM) foydalanish tuproq tuzilishini tiklashga va qattiq kimyoviy moddalardan foydalanmasdan o'simlik immunitetini oshirishga yordam beradi. Ushbu eritmalarni tuproqqa muntazam ravishda qo'llash foydali saprofitlarni faollashtiradi, ular organik moddalarni uzum uchun qulay shaklga parchalaydi.<\/p>\n

\"Uzumzorda<\/p>\n

EM preparatlari bilan ishlashning asosiy bosqichlari quyidagilarni o'z ichiga oladi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Organik qoldiqlarni qayta ishlash uchun hosil yig'ib olingandan keyin kuzgi tuproqni ishlov berish.<\/li>\n
  • Harorat +10\u201312\u00b0C gacha qiziganda tuproqni bahorda purkash.<\/li>\n
  • O'sish davrida 2 hafta oralig'ida uzumlarni muntazam ravishda qayta ishlash.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \"Uzum<\/p>\n

    TSS<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Nima uchun gullash paytida uzumni sug'orib bo'lmaydi?<\/strong> Bu davrda ortiqcha namlik gullar va tuxumdonlarning to'kilishiga olib keladi, bu esa hosilni keskin pasaytiradi.<\/li>\n
    • Kataraktni qanchalik tez-tez bajarish kerak?<\/strong> Butaning birinchi yilida protsedura mavsumda ikki marta takrorlanadi. Keyinchalik, protsedura 30-40 sm qatlamdagi barcha ildizlar olib tashlanmaguncha takrorlanadi.<\/li>\n
    • EM preparatlarini boshqa vositalar bilan almashtirish mumkinmi?<\/strong> Ha, sovuq buloqlarda yoki og'ir kasalliklar yuqtirgan hollarda, Albit yoki Novosil kabi ixtisoslashgan biofungitsidlardan foydalanish tavsiya etiladi.<\/li>\n
    • Uzumni qanday qilib to'g'ri bog'lash kerak?<\/strong> Yumshoq material va sakkizinchi shakl usulidan foydalaning, novda o'sib ulg'aygan sari to'qima siqilib qolmasligi uchun poya va tayanch o'rtasida bo'sh joy qoldiring.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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