{"id":37221,"date":"2026-06-25T19:44:30","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=37221"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:44:30","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:44:30","slug":"sheferdiya-serebristaya-osobennosti-vyrashhivaniya-i-uhoda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/sheferdiya-serebristaya-osobennosti-vyrashhivaniya-i-uhoda\/","title":{"rendered":"Kumush Shepherdia: O'sish va parvarish bo'yicha maslahatlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dengiz itshumurtining tavsifi<\/h2>\n

Shepherdia - Elaeagnaceae oilasiga mansub bargli butalar yoki kichik daraxtlar turkumi. Eng ko'p o'stiriladigan turi kumush rezavor bo'lib, ko'pincha "bufalo rezavori" deb ataladi. Bu o'simlik dengiz itshumurtiga chambarchas bog'liq bo'lib, buta tuzilishidagi o'xshashlikni va kurtaklardagi tikanlarning mavjudligini aks ettiradi. Shepherdia mevalari juda to'yimli bo'lib, 21% gacha shakar, organik kislotalar, katta miqdordagi S vitamini, karotin va katexinlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Muvozanatli kimyoviy tarkibi tufayli rezavorlar uy sharoitida vinochilikda, shuningdek, murabbo, jele va likyor tayyorlashda keng qo'llaniladi.<\/p>\n

\"Kumush<\/p>\n

Yetishtirish xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n

Shepherdia ikki uyali o'simlikdir, shuning uchun doimiy hosil olish uchun bir xil uchastkada ham urg'ochi, ham erkak o'simliklar ekilgan bo'lishi kerak. O'zaro changlanish uchun optimal nisbat har bir erkak o'simlik uchun 4-5 ta urg'ochi o'simlikdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Parametr<\/td>\nTavsiya<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Jins nisbati<\/td>\n4:1 (ayoldan erkakka)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tuproq turi<\/td>\nOddiy, kambag'al va toshloq tuproqlarga toqat qiladi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sovuqqa chidamlilik<\/td>\nYuqori<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yetuk daraxtning hosildorligi<\/td>\n30\u201340 kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

O'simlikning jinsini uning gul kurtaklarining holatiga qarab aniqlash mumkin: erkak o'simliklarda ular kattaroq va yumaloq bo'ladi, urg'ochi o'simliklarda esa ular kichikroq, cho'zilgan va novdaga mahkam bosilgan bo'ladi. Shepherdia ildiz tugun bakteriyalari bilan simbioz tufayli azotni fiksatsiya qilishning noyob qobiliyatiga ega, bu esa unga organik moddalar miqdori kam bo'lgan tuproqlarda yaxshi rivojlanishiga imkon beradi.<\/p>\n

\"Kumush<\/p>\n

Ko'paytirish usullari<\/h2>\n

Dengiz itshumurtini ko'paytirishning uchta asosiy usuli mavjud:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Urug':<\/strong> Kuzda ekilgan urug'lar yuqori unib chiqish darajasini saqlab qoladi. Bahorda ekilganda, 0\u20133\u00b0C haroratda 60 kun davomida dastlabki tabaqalanish talab qilinadi. Ko'chatlar to'rtinchi-beshinchi yillarda meva bera boshlaydi.<\/li>\n
  • Qalamchalar:<\/strong> 12\u201317 sm uzunlikdagi yashil qalamchalar iyun oyi oxirida yig'ib olinadi. O'sish stimulyatorlari bilan ishlov berilgandan so'ng, ular 1:1 nisbatda qum va hijob aralashmasiga ekiladi.<\/li>\n
  • Ildiz so'rg'ichlari:<\/strong> Eng oddiy usul yosh kurtaklarni (novdalarni) ona o'simlikdan ajratish va ularni doimiy joyga ko'chirishni o'z ichiga oladi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \"Yosh<\/p>\n

    O'simliklarni parvarish qilish<\/h2>\n

    Shepherdia muntazam ravishda shakllantiruvchi Azizillo talab qiladi. Osonroq yig'im-terim uchun toj balandligini 2-2,5 metr bilan cheklang. Har 3-5 yilda bir marta yoshartirish uchun Azizillo qilish tavsiya etiladi, yangi o'sishni rag'batlantirish uchun eski shoxlarni olib tashlang. Ildiz tizimi sayoz, shuning uchun tananing atrofidagi joyni yumshatish ehtiyotkorlik bilan, 7-8 sm dan chuqurroq bo'lmasligi kerak. Humus yoki torf moxi samarali mulchalash usuli hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n

    \"Shepherdia<\/p>\n

    TSS<\/h2>\n

    O'rim-yig'im qachon boshlanadi?<\/h3>\n

    Mevalar sentyabr oyida pishib yetiladi. Ular shoxlardan osongina ajralib chiqadi, shuning uchun ularni daraxt toji ostiga yoyilgan plastik varag'ga silkitib yig'ib olish oson bo'ladi.<\/p>\n

    Dengiz itshumurtlarini urug'lantirish kerakmi?<\/h3>\n

    Havodan azotni yutish qobiliyatiga qaramay, erigan azotli o'g'itlar bilan bahorgi o'g'itlash yosh ko'chatlarning yanada intensiv o'sishiga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n

    Ko'chatlarni qaysi masofada ekishim kerak?<\/h3>\n

    Ildiz so'rg'ichlari ona daraxtidan 1-2 metr masofada paydo bo'lishi mumkin, bu esa ekish rejalashtirishda e'tiborga olinishi kerak.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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