{"id":36849,"date":"2026-06-25T19:55:05","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:55:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=36849"},"modified":"2026-06-25T19:55:05","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:55:05","slug":"vyrashhivanie-karlikovoj-chereshni-na-priusadebnom-uchastke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/vyrashhivanie-karlikovoj-chereshni-na-priusadebnom-uchastke\/","title":{"rendered":"Bog&#039;ingizda mitti gilos yetishtirish"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yilni gilos navlarini yaratish murakkab selektsiya vazifasini bajaradi. Olma daraxtlaridan farqli o&#039;laroq, gilosning tabiiy genetik tarkibi kuchli o&#039;sishga moslashtirilgan bo&#039;lib, to&#039;liq rivojlangan mitti navlarni yaratishni qiyinlashtiradi. Gilos bilan chatishtirishga qaratilgan an&#039;anaviy selektsiya har doim ham kerakli meva ta&#039;mini bermaydi va mittilik xususiyatlari ko&#039;pincha retsessivdir.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/karlikovaya-chereshnya-v-vashem-sadu_6a3d2cbf85fc3.jpeg\" alt=\"Bog&#039;dagi yetuk ixcham gilos daraxti\"><\/p>\n<h2>Mitti daraxtlarni etishtirish texnologiyalari<\/h2>\n<p>Bugungi kunda gilos daraxtining o&#039;sishini cheklashning asosiy usuli klonal ildizpoyalardan foydalanishdir. Ular daraxtni standart o&#039;lchamlardan 30% gacha kamaytirish imkonini beradi, bu esa parvarish va hosilni yig&#039;ib olishni sezilarli darajada soddalashtiradi. Klonal ildizpoyalar vegetativ ravishda yetishtiriladi, bu esa uchastkadagi barcha daraxtlar bo&#039;yicha xususiyatlarning bir xilligini ta&#039;minlaydi.<\/p>\n<p>Quyidagi ildizpoyalar Rossiya iqlimi uchun eng samarali hisoblanadi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>VSL-1 va VSL-2<\/strong> - mitti ildizpoyalar, mahalliy tuproqlarga yaxshi moslashgan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>VC-13, L-2, LC-52<\/strong> \u2014 Davlat reestriga kiritilgan o&#039;rtacha kattalikdagi ildizpoyalar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>VSL-2 ildizpoyasi eng istiqbollilaridan biri hisoblanadi: u 2,5 metr balandlikdagi tojni saqlaydi, so&#039;qmoqlar bilan osongina ko&#039;payadi va qishga chidamli ildiz tizimiga ega.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/karlikovaya-chereshnya-v-vashem-sadu_6a3d2cc013cbf.jpeg\" alt=\"Mitti ildizpoyada yosh gilos daraxti ko&#039;chasi\"><\/p>\n<h2>Toj shakllanishi<\/h2>\n<p>Muntazam Azizillo qilinmasa, hatto mitti ildizpoyaga payvand qilingan gilos daraxti ham haddan tashqari zich bo&#039;lib qolishi mumkin. Azizillo qilishning asosiy maqsadi vegetativ o&#039;sish va meva berishni muvozanatlashdir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Toj turi<\/td>\n<td>Shakllanish xususiyatlari<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kubok shaklidagi<\/td>\n<td>Tojning markazini yoritish uchun ideal, bu mevalarni terish jarayonini osonlashtiradi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fusiform<\/td>\n<td>90 daraja burchak ostida shoxchalar qatlamlari bo&#039;lgan markaziy o&#039;tkazgich.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Butali<\/td>\n<td>Bahorda o&#039;tkazgichning kuchli qisqarishi va yozda kurtaklarning chimchilanishi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Azizillo ikki bosqichda amalga oshiriladi: bahorda o&#039;sishni rag&#039;batlantirish uchun asosiy shoxlar qisqartiriladi va yozda yorug&#039;lik mevalarga yetib borishi uchun toj yupqalashtiriladi. Haddan tashqari Azizillo daraxtning ortiqcha vaznga ega bo&#039;lishiga olib kelishi mumkin, shuning uchun me&#039;yorga rioya qilish muhimdir.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/karlikovaya-chereshnya-v-vashem-sadu_6a3d2cc0688d9.jpeg\" alt=\"Sanitariya Azizillo qilinganidan keyin yaxshi parvarishlangan gilos daraxti toji\"><\/p>\n<h2>Ekish va changlatish qoidalari<\/h2>\n<p>Ko&#039;chatlarni tanlashda daraxtning uxlab yotganligiga ishonch hosil qilish muhimdir - uning barglari to&#039;liq tushgan. Bu ko&#039;chatning o&#039;sish mavsumini tugatganligini va ko&#039;chirib o&#039;tkazishga tayyor ekanligini ta&#039;minlaydi. Ko&#039;pgina mintaqalarda ekish uchun optimal davr sentyabr oxiri yoki oktyabr oyining birinchi yarmidir.<\/p>\n<p>Gilosning biologik o&#039;ziga xosligi muhim jihatdir: ko&#039;pgina navlar o&#039;z-o&#039;zini sterilizatsiya qiladi. Barqaror hosil olish uchun bir vaqtning o&#039;zida gullaydigan va bir-biri uchun changlatuvchi vazifasini bajaradigan kamida ikkita turli xil navni ekish kerak.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/karlikovaya-chereshnya-v-vashem-sadu_6a3d2cc0efcea.jpeg\" alt=\"Ovstuzhenka navining mevali mitti gilos daraxti\"><\/p>\n<h3>TSS<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nega shunchaki ustunli gilos daraxtini sotib ololmaysiz?<\/strong> Olma daraxtlari bilan taqqoslanadigan genetik jihatdan barqaror ustunsimon gilos navlari yo&#039;q. Taklif qilingan barcha variantlar mitti ildizpoyalarga payvand qilishni o&#039;z ichiga oladi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bunday daraxtlarni qanday masofada ekish kerak?<\/strong> Yilni ildizpoyasi tufayli daraxtlar orasidagi masofani 2,5-3 metrgacha qisqartirish mumkin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ildiz poyasi sifatli ekanligini qanday tushunish mumkin?<\/strong> Sizning iqlim mintaqangizda sinovdan o&#039;tgan Davlat reestridagi rayonlashtirilgan navlarga (masalan, VSL-2) e&#039;tibor qarating.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mitti gilos daraxtlarini qish uchun qoplash kerakmi?<\/strong> Ekishdan keyingi dastlabki yillarda, mitti shakllarda tuproqning muzlashiga ko&#039;proq sezgir bo&#039;lishi mumkin bo&#039;lgan ildiz tizimini himoya qilish uchun magistral doirasini mulchalash tavsiya etiladi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u2014 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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