{"id":36617,"date":"2026-06-25T20:16:05","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T17:16:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=36617"},"modified":"2026-06-25T20:16:05","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T17:16:05","slug":"priznaki-i-metody-borby-s-askohitozom-na-sadovyh-kulturah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/priznaki-i-metody-borby-s-askohitozom-na-sadovyh-kulturah\/","title":{"rendered":"Bog' ekinlarida askoxitozga qarshi kurash belgilari va usullari"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ascochyta barg dog'i - bu Ascochyta turkumiga mansub patogenlar keltirib chiqaradigan qo'ziqorin kasalligi. U bodring (bodring, qovun, tarvuz), dukkaklilar (no'xat, loviya, no'xat, yasmiq) va smorodina va Bektoshi uzumni kabi rezavor butalar kabi turli xil ekinlarga ta'sir qiladi. Patogen barcha yer usti o'simlik organlariga: barglar, poyalar, mevalar va hatto urug'larga hujum qilishi mumkin, bu esa hosildorlikning pasayishiga va o'simliklarning nobud bo'lishiga olib kelishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

\"O'simliklarning<\/p>\n

Kasallikning belgilari va rivojlanishi<\/h2>\n

Ascochyta kasalligining asosiy diagnostik belgisi vaqt o'tishi bilan jigarrang tus va to'q chegaraga ega bo'lgan turli xil konfiguratsiyadagi dog'larning paydo bo'lishidir. Asosiy xususiyat - piknidlar, ya'ni qo'ziqorin mevali tanalari bo'lgan mayda jigarrang dog'larning paydo bo'lishi. Kasallik poyalarda yaralar shaklida namoyon bo'ladi, ko'pincha ildiz zonasida yoki shoxlanadigan joylarda to'planib, o'simliklarning oziqlanishini buzadi va to'qimalarning tez qurib ketishiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
O'simlikning bir qismi<\/td>\nXarakterli zarar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Barglar<\/td>\nTo'q rangli chegaralar va piknidlar bilan dog'lar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poyalar<\/td>\nCho'zilgan yaralar, nekroz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mevalar\/loviyalar<\/td>\nKo'tarilgan jigarrang dog'lar, deformatsiya<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Urug'lar<\/td>\nQisqarish, dog'lar mavjudligi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Kasallik dukkaklilarda eng agressivdir. Dukkaklilar zararlanganda, urug'lar umuman shakllanmaydi yoki kasallanadi, bu esa ularni ekish uchun yaroqsiz holga keltiradi.<\/p>\n

\"Dukkaklilarda<\/p>\n

Tarqatish shartlari va oldini olish<\/h2>\n

Zamburug'larning rivojlanishi bevosita mikroiqlimga bog'liq. Infektsiya uchun optimal sharoit 20 dan 25\u00b0C gacha bo'lgan harorat va havo namligi 90\u00b0C dan yuqori deb hisoblanadi. Qurg'oqchilik va harorat 35\u00b0C gacha ko'tarilganda patogen faolligi sezilarli darajada kamayadi.<\/p>\n

Saytni samarali himoya qilish quyidagi qishloq xo'jaligi texnikalariga asoslangan:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Faqat sog'lom, sinovdan o'tgan urug'lik materialidan foydalanish.<\/li>\n
  • Ekin almashlab ekish: dukkaklilarni 3-4 yildan keyin asl joyiga qaytaring.<\/li>\n
  • Qo'ziqorin ikki yilgacha yashovchan bo'lib qoladigan o'simlik qoldiqlarini yaxshilab tozalash va yo'q qilish.<\/li>\n
  • Qo'ziqorin sporalarini chuqur singdirish uchun tuproqni kuzgi shudgorlash.<\/li>\n
  • Nam havoning turg'unligini oldini olish uchun optimal ekish zichligini ta'minlash.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Nazorat usullari<\/h2>\n

    Agar kasallikning dastlabki belgilari alohida o'simliklarda aniqlansa, ular darhol hududdan olib tashlanishi va yoqib yuborilishi kerak. Infektsiya tarqalishini cheklash uchun vegetatsiya davrida fungitsid bilan davolash qo'llaniladi. Qo'shimcha chora sifatida, zararlangan joylarni mis sulfat va bo'r yoki ko'mir aralashmasi bilan changlatish yaralarni quritishga va sporalarning tarqalishini cheklashga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n

    Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h3>\n

    Urug'lar askoxitoz kasalligini yuqtirishi mumkinmi?<\/strong> Ha, urug'lar birlamchi infektsiyaning asosiy manbalaridan biridir, shuning uchun ularni davolash yoki sertifikatlangan material sotib olish majburiydir.<\/p>\n

    Qo'ziqorin tuproqda qancha vaqt yashaydi?<\/strong> Patogen o'simlik qoldiqlarida ikki yilgacha yashaydi, shuning uchun to'shaklarda tepaliklarni qoldirmaslik muhimdir.<\/p>\n

    Bo'shashish kasallikka qarshi kurashda yordam beradimi?<\/strong> Gev\u015feme to'g'ridan-to'g'ri terapevtik ta'sirga ega emas, lekin u tuproq aeratsiyasini yaxshilaydi va mahalliy namlikni kamaytiradi, bu esa qo'ziqorin sporalarining faol ko'payishini oldini oladi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36618,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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