{"id":35549,"date":"2026-06-25T21:02:58","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T18:02:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=35549"},"modified":"2026-06-25T21:02:58","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T18:02:58","slug":"leshhina-obyknovennaya-botanicheskie-osobennosti-i-vyrashhivanie-oreshnika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/leshhina-obyknovennaya-botanicheskie-osobennosti-i-vyrashhivanie-oreshnika\/","title":{"rendered":"Umumiy findiq: botanika xususiyatlari va findiqni yetishtirish"},"content":{"rendered":"

Botanika tasnifida "yong'oq" atamasi qat'iy ta'rifga ega. Ilmiy mezonlarga ko'ra, haqiqiy yong'oq - bu embrion va urug'li daraxt po'stlog'iga ega meva. Bizga tanish bo'lgan yong'oq deb ataladigan ko'plab ekinlar biologik jihatdan yong'oq emas: yong'oq - bu novda, qarag'ay yong'og'i - konusdan olingan urug' va olxa daraxtining mevasi - bu yong'oq. Mevasi haqiqiy yong'oqning botanik ta'rifiga mos keladigan yagona o'simlik oddiy findiq yoki findiqdir.<\/p>\n

\"Bahorda<\/p>\n

Findiqning biologik xususiyatlari<\/h2>\n

Hamamelis erta gullashi bilan ajralib turadigan buta hisoblanadi. Mo''tadil iqlim sharoitida u qor erishidan oldin ham o'sishni boshlaydi. Shamol tomonidan ko'tarilgan erkak mushukchalar chang tarqatadi, bu esa ko'zga tashlanmaydigan urg'ochi gullarni changlatadi. Bu jarayon bahorning boshlanishini anglatadi. Meva berish yoz oxirida sodir bo'ladi va to'yimli donalardan hosil beradi.<\/p>\n

Hosildorlikni oshirish usullari<\/h2>\n

Tarixiy agronomik tajriba, ayniqsa A. T. Bolotov tomonidan tasvirlangan usullar, yong'oq o'rmonzorlarini to'g'ri boshqarish samaradorligini namoyish etadi. Asosiy usul - bu qo'shni daraxtlar maydonini tozalash. Yorug'lik va ozuqa moddalari uchun raqobatchilarni olib tashlash yong'oq butalariga kattaroq mevalar berish imkonini beradi va daraxtzorlarning umumiy mahsuldorligini sezilarli darajada oshiradi.<\/p>\n

\"Qizil<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Bir turdagi findiq<\/td>\nRivojlanayotgan mintaqa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oddiy findiq<\/td>\nYevropa qismi, Kavkaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manchuriya findiq<\/td>\nUzoq Sharq<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Findiq<\/td>\nSibir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Findiq<\/td>\nKavkaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Turlar va tanlov<\/h2>\n

Oddiy findiqdan tashqari, findiq deb nomlanuvchi ko'plab turlar va madaniy shakllar mavjud. Ular juda to'yimli bo'lib, tarkibida ko'p miqdorda o'simlik oqsili va yog' mavjud. Ayniqsa, ayiq findiqi, shuningdek, daraxt findiqi sifatida ham tanilgan - mevasi yovvoyi tabiatda juda qadrlanadigan mustahkam daraxtdir.<\/p>\n

\"Bog'dagi<\/p>\n

Ismning tarixi va kelib chiqishi<\/h2>\n

Findiqning lotincha nomi Corylus avellana<\/em>. "Avellan" epiteti qadimgi davrlarda bu ekinni yetishtirish markazi bo'lgan Italiyaning Avellino shahrini anglatadi. Rus o'rmonchilik adabiyotida o'simlik qimmatli xususiyatlari va o'rmonchilik uchun ahamiyati tufayli ko'pincha "avellanochka" (kichik avelana) deb ataladi.<\/p>\n

\"Filialdagi<\/p>\n

Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Findiq va filbertlar o'rtasidagi farq nima?<\/strong> Findiq - bu katta mevalari va yuqori hosildorligi uchun selektsionerlar tomonidan tanlangan findiqning yetishtiriladigan shakllari.<\/li>\n
  • Findiq yig'ish uchun eng yaxshi vaqt qachon?<\/strong> Meva yig'ish yozning oxirida - kuzning boshida, meva o'rami sarg'ayishni yoki qurib qolishni boshlaganda amalga oshiriladi.<\/li>\n
  • Bir nechta findiq butalarini ekishim kerakmi?<\/strong> Ha, findiq o'zaro changlanadi. Izchil hosil olish uchun changni almashish uchun bir nechta navlar yoki namunalar kerak bo'ladi.<\/li>\n
  • Uchastkada findiq ekish uchun eng yaxshi joy qayerda?<\/strong> Hazel unumdor, o'rtacha nam tuproqlarni va kuchli shamollardan himoyalangan joylarni afzal ko'radi, garchi u soyaga juda bardoshli bo'lsa ham.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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