{"id":2165,"date":"2026-04-09T22:34:29","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T19:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=2165"},"modified":"2026-06-19T23:15:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T20:15:15","slug":"vyrashhivanie-rassady-kapusty-tehnologiya-poseva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/vyrashhivanie-rassady-kapusty-tehnologiya-poseva\/","title":{"rendered":"Hammayoqni ko&#039;chatlarini yetishtirish: ekish texnologiyasi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Karam ko&#039;chatlarini yetishtirish kelajakdagi hosilning sifati va og&#039;irligi bog&#039;liq bo&#039;lgan poydevordir. 2026-yilda, avvalgidek, muvaffaqiyat nafaqat xilma-xillikka, balki o&#039;simlikning biologik ritmlarini tushunishga ham bog&#039;liq. Karam sovuqqa chidamli ekin, ammo u hayotining dastlabki bosqichlarida harorat va yorug&#039;lik o&#039;zgarishiga juda sezgir. Vaqtdagi xatolar zaif, o&#039;sib chiqqan ko&#039;chatlarning ekishdan keyin uzoq vaqt kasal bo&#039;lishiga yoki boshoq shakllanishining kechikishiga olib keladi.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2167\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu2.jpg\" alt=\"Urug&#039;larni tayyorlash va karam ko&#039;chatlarini ekish\" width=\"640\" height=\"429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu2.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu2-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu2-20x13.jpg 20w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Nima uchun ko&#039;chat ekish usuli ustuvor vazifa bo&#039;lib qolmoqda<\/h2>\n<p>Janubiy mintaqalarda urug&#039;larni to&#039;g&#039;ridan-to&#039;g&#039;ri yerga ekish mumkin bo&#039;lsa-da, mo&#039;&#039;tadil va shimoliy kengliklarning aksariyat qismida ko&#039;chatlar vegetatsiya mavsumini zaruriy minimal darajaga yetkazishning yagona yo&#039;li hisoblanadi. Uy sharoitida o&#039;stirishda asosiy qiyinchilik issiqlik va yorug&#039;lik o&#039;rtasidagi muvozanatni topishdir. Yorug&#039;likning yetarli emasligi va xona haroratining yuqori bo&#039;lishi gipokotilning (poyaning) darhol cho&#039;zilishiga olib keladi, bu esa o&#039;simlikni zaiflashtiradi va qora oyoqqa moyil qiladi.<\/p>\n<p>Erta yetishtirishning afzalliklari:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>nazorat ostida kuchli ildiz tizimini shakllantirish;<\/li>\n<li>iliq tuproqqa ekilganida yuqori omon qolish darajasi;<\/li>\n<li>yosh kurtaklar uchun xavfli bo&#039;lgan takroriy sovuqlardan himoya qilish;<\/li>\n<li>kuzgi sovuq ob-havo boshlanishidan oldin hatto kech pishadigan navlarning ham pishishi kafolatlangan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2026 yilda ekish sanalari: sanani qanday hisoblash kerak<\/h2>\n<p>Bog&#039;dorchilik matematikasi oddiy: erta navlar uchun ekish sanasidan boshlab 50-60 kunni va kech navlar uchun 35-45 kunni hisoblang. Agar siz may oyining oxirida ekishni rejalashtirmoqchi bo&#039;lsangiz, mart oyining oxirida yoki aprel oyining boshida eking. Ko&#039;chatlarni stakanlarga haddan tashqari ko&#039;p ekmaslik muhim: 4-5 ta haqiqiy bargning mavjudligi o&#039;simlikning &quot;katta hayoti&quot;ga tayyor ekanligidan dalolat beradi.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Varietal guruh<\/td>\n<td>Ekish sanalari<\/td>\n<td>Qo&#039;nishga tayyor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Erta pishish<\/td>\n<td>10-20 mart<\/td>\n<td>50-60 kun ichida<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mavsum o&#039;rtalarida<\/td>\n<td>10-20 aprel<\/td>\n<td>40-45 kun ichida<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kech pishadigan<\/td>\n<td>15-25 aprel<\/td>\n<td>35-40 kun ichida<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gulkaram, brokkoli<\/td>\n<td>15 martdan boshlab (15 kunlik interval bilan)<\/td>\n<td>30-40 kun ichida<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1690\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Sbor-urozhaya-kapusty6.jpg\" alt=\"Sog&#039;lom karamni yig&#039;ib olish\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Sbor-urozhaya-kapusty6.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Sbor-urozhaya-kapusty6-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Sbor-urozhaya-kapusty6-20x13.jpg 20w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Ekish texnologiyasi va tuproq tayyorlash<\/h2>\n<p>Sog&#039;lom ko&#039;chatlarni o&#039;stirish uchun ishlov berilmagan bog &#039;tuprog&#039;idan foydalanmang - unda patogenlar bo&#039;lishi mumkin. Yaxshiroq variant - dolomit uni bilan deoksidlangan do&#039;kondan sotib olingan torf substrati. Agar siz o&#039;zingizning aralashmangizni tayyorlayotgan bo&#039;lsangiz, ikki qism torf, ikki qism chim va bir qism qumdan foydalaning.<\/p>\n<p>Harakatlar algoritmi:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Qo&#039;ziqorin kasalliklarining oldini olish uchun urug&#039;larni kaliy permanganat eritmasida dezinfeksiya qilish (15 daqiqa) yoki issiq suvda (+50\u00b0C) qizdirish.<\/li>\n<li>Idishlarni majburiy drenaj qatlami bilan tuproq bilan to&#039;ldirish.<\/li>\n<li>Urug&#039;lar orasida 2 sm masofada 1 sm chuqurlikda ekish.<\/li>\n<li>Shaffof plyonka yordamida iliq suv bilan sug&#039;orish va issiqxona effektini yaratish.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2170\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu5.png\" alt=\"Kassetalardagi karam ko&#039;chatlari\" width=\"640\" height=\"471\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu5.png 640w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu5-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu5-20x15.png 20w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Chaqaloq tug&#039;ilgandan keyingi parvarish: nafislikni saqlash<\/h2>\n<p>Ko&#039;chatlar unib chiqa boshlagach, plyonka olib tashlanadi va xona harorati kunduzi 12\u201315\u00b0C gacha, kechasi esa 8\u201310\u00b0C gacha tushiriladi. Bu juda muhim \u2014 harorat farqi bo&#039;lmasa, ko&#039;chatlar zaif bo&#039;ladi. 2026-yilda, yuqori sifatli LED yoritish mavjud bo&#039;lganda, poyaning deformatsiyasini oldini olish uchun ko&#039;chatlarga 14 soatlik kunduzgi yorug&#039;lik berishni unutmang.<\/p>\n<h2>Terish va o&#039;g&#039;itlash<\/h2>\n<p>Ikkita haqiqiy barg paydo bo&#039;lganda, tishlash amalga oshiriladi. O&#039;simlikni alohida idishga ko&#039;chirish uning ixcham, shoxlangan ildiz tizimini rivojlantirishiga imkon beradi. Ko&#039;chirib o&#039;tkazgandan keyin yetti-o&#039;n kundan keyin oziqlantirish sikli boshlanadi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Birinchi oziqlantirish: bir litr suvga 4 g karbamid, 4 g superfosfat va 2 g kaliy sulfat.<\/li>\n<li>Ikkinchi oziqlantirish (15 kundan keyin): bir xil tarkibiy qismlarning konsentratsiyasini ikki baravar oshiring.<\/li>\n<li>Uchinchi oziqlantirish (ekishdan oldin): to&#039;qimalarni qattiqlashtirish uchun kaliy (8 g) va superfosfat (5 g) ga urg&#039;u bering.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2171\" src=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu6.jpg\" alt=\"Ekishdan oldin sog&#039;lom karam ko&#039;chatlari\" width=\"640\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu6.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu6-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/kogda-seyat-kapustu6-20x15.jpg 20w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Qattiqlashuv va ekish<\/h2>\n<p>Bog&#039;ga borishdan o&#039;n to&#039;rt kun oldin, ko&#039;chatlarni ochiq havoda &quot;aylantirishni&quot; boshlang. Bir soatdan boshlang, ochiq havoda bo&#039;lish vaqtini asta-sekin 24 soatgacha oshiring. Ekish o&#039;simliklar 4-6 ta haqiqiy bargga ega bo&#039;lganda boshlanishi kerak. Erta navlar uchun 70x30 sm ekish sxemasi eng maqbuldir, bu o&#039;simliklarning quyosh nuri uchun raqobatlashmasligini va yetarli shamollatilishini ta&#039;minlaydi, bu esa kasallik xavfini kamaytiradi.<\/p>\n<h2>Tez-tez so&#039;raladigan savollar (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<h3>Derazada yorug&#039;lik ko&#039;p bo&#039;lsa, nega karam cho&#039;zilib ketadi?<\/h3>\n<p>Ehtimol, sabab tungi haroratning haddan tashqari yuqori bo&#039;lishidir. Hammayoq zich to&#039;qimalarni sintez qilish uchun kechasi sovuqqa muhtoj.<\/p>\n<h3>Termasdan qilish mumkinmi?<\/h3>\n<p>Ha, agar siz to&#039;g&#039;ridan-to&#039;g&#039;ri hijob idishlariga yoki 0,5 litrli stakanlarga eksangiz. Bu qayta ekish paytida ildizlarning shikastlanishining oldini oladi.<\/p>\n<h3>O&#039;simliklar ekilganidan keyin darhol soyali bo&#039;lishi kerakmi?<\/h3>\n<p>Ha, dastlabki 2-3 kun davomida transpiratsiyani kamaytirish va o&#039;simlikning ildiz otishiga yordam berish uchun yengil qoplama materialidan foydalaning.<\/p>\n<h3>Hammayoqni xochga mixlangan burga qo&#039;ng&#039;izlaridan qanday himoya qilish mumkin?<\/h3>\n<p>Ko&#039;chatlarni ekgandan so&#039;ng darhol kul yoki tamaki changi bilan sepib qo&#039;ying yoki yengil spunbondli arklar o&#039;rnating.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f. \u0412 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2167,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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