{"id":12638,"date":"2026-04-07T22:02:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T19:02:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/?p=12638"},"modified":"2026-06-17T16:31:36","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T13:31:36","slug":"kogda-i-kak-pravilno-sazhat-malinu-chtoby-poluchit-urozhaj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sadogorodnik.top\/uz\/kogda-i-kak-pravilno-sazhat-malinu-chtoby-poluchit-urozhaj\/","title":{"rendered":"Hosil olish uchun malinani qachon va qanday ekish kerak"},"content":{"rendered":"

Malina yetishtirishga puxta yondashishni talab qiladigan ekindir. Ular "o'zlari o'sadi" degan keng tarqalgan e'tiqoddan farqli o'laroq, malinani muvaffaqiyatli ekish to'g'ridan-to'g'ri o'simlikning biologik ritmlarini tushunishga bog'liq. 2026-yilda ekishni rejalashtirishda nafaqat taqvim sanalarini, balki tuproq sharoitlarini, namlikni va tanlangan nav turini ham hisobga olish muhimdir. To'g'ri ekish butaning keyingi 10-12 yil davomida unumdorligini belgilovchi asosdir.<\/p>\n

\"Sog'lom<\/p>\n

Malinalar biologik jihatdan deyarli har qanday faslda omon qolishga qodir, ammo tajriba shuni ko'rsatadiki, bahorgi va kuzgi ekishlar ildiz hosil bo'lish dinamikasida tub farqlarga ega. Kuzda o'simlik doimiy sovuq ob-havo boshlanishidan oldin singdiruvchi ildizlarni rivojlantirishga ulguradi, bu esa bahorda kuchli boshlanish imkonini beradi. Bahorgi ekish sug'orishga katta e'tibor berishni talab qiladi, chunki o'simlik ildiz tizimi tiklanishga ulgurmasdan oldin namlikni bug'lana boshlaydi.<\/p>\n

Optimal ekish sanalari va taqvimi<\/h2>\n

\"Malina<\/p>\n

Ekish sanasini tanlashda tuproq haroratini hisobga oling. Malina uchun bahorda tuproqni 8\u201310\u00b0C gacha qizdirish juda muhim. Agar siz ekishni oy fazalariga muvofiq rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, ushbu jadvaldan qo'llanma sifatida foydalaning:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Davr<\/td>\nQulay kunlar<\/td>\nNoqulay kunlar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mart<\/td>\n26\u201329<\/td>\n9\u201311, 19\u201321, 24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aprel<\/td>\n11\u201315, 24\u201326<\/td>\n5\u20139, 16\u201318, 23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
May<\/td>\n2\u201310<\/td>\n13, 14, 22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sentyabr<\/td>\n2\u20134, 6, 9\u201312, 15\u201317, 20, 21, 25\u201329<\/td>\n7, 13, 14, 22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oktyabr<\/td>\n17, 19, 20, 23\u201329<\/td>\n5, 9\u201311, 21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Noyabr<\/td>\n15, 16, 19\u201322, 24, 25<\/td>\n1\u20133, 26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Yuqori sifatli ekish materialini tanlash va tayyorlash<\/h2>\n

\"Rivojlangan<\/p>\n

Ko'chatning sifati uning muvaffaqiyatini belgilaydi. "Quritilgan" ko'chatlarni sotib olishdan saqlaning. Sog'lom ko'chat quyidagilarga ega:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • 15-20 sm uzunlikdagi kuchli ildiz tizimi.<\/li>\n
  • Ildiz bo'yinbog'ida chirish belgilari (qora, silliq dog'lar) yo'q.<\/li>\n
  • Kurtak tagida 1-2 ta tirik kurtak borligi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ekishdan oldin, ildizlarni ildiz otish stimulyatori eritmasida (masalan, kaliy humati yoki Kornevin) 3-5 soat davomida namlash orqali ularni qayta namlang. Agar ko'chatlarning ildiz tizimi ochiq bo'lsa, ularni nam bo'lakka o'rab, shamol yoki to'g'ridan-to'g'ri quyosh nurlaridan himoya qiling.<\/p>\n

    Ekish texnologiyasi: bosqichma-bosqich jarayon<\/h2>\n

    \"Ekishdan<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Xandaq yoki chuqur qazish:<\/strong> Ekish chuquri taxminan 40 sm chuqurlikda bo'lishi kerak. Kompost yoki chirigan go'ng (har bir tupga 3-5 kg) va 30-50 g superfosfat qo'shish juda muhimdir.<\/li>\n
    2. Kurtakni Azizillo qilish:<\/strong> Ekishdan so'ng darhol poyani 25-30 sm gacha qisqartiring. Bu yer usti qismining hajmini ildiz tizimining hajmi bilan muvozanatlashtiradi.<\/li>\n
    3. Chuqurlik:<\/strong> Ildiz bo'yni (ildizlar poyaga tutashgan joy) tuproq bilan bir tekisda yoki 2-3 sm dan oshmasligi kerak. Juda chuqur ekish sekin boshlanishiga olib keladi, juda baland ekish esa ildizlarning qurib qolishiga olib keladi.<\/li>\n
    4. Sug'orish va mulchalash:<\/strong> Tuproq bilan to'ldirgandan so'ng, tuproqni ixchamlang, sug'oring (har bir tupga 10-15 litr) va somon yoki o't qirqimlari qatlami bilan mulchalang. Bu 2026 yil yozida namlikni saqlab qolish uchun juda muhimdir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Joyni tanlash va malina maydonini rejalashtirish<\/h2>\n

      \"Malinali<\/p>\n

      Malinalar o'ziga xos xususiyatlarga ega o'simlikdir. Ularga ko'p yorug'lik kerak, lekin haddan tashqari qizib ketgan tuproq emas. Ideal joy shamoldan himoyalangan, shimoldan janubga qaragan qatorlardir. Agar panjara bo'ylab ekilgan bo'lsa, ikkala tomondan ham kirish mumkin bo'lishi uchun ular orasida bir metr qoldiring.<\/p>\n

      Mavsumiy parvarish aylanishi<\/h2>\n

      \"Malinali<\/p>\n

      Bahor: Uyg'onish<\/h3>\n

      Aprel oyida biz qopqoqlarni olib tashlaymiz, sanitariya Azizillo qilamiz (muzlagan uchlarini olib tashlaymiz) va azotli o'g'it (karbamid, 15 g\/m\u00b2) sepamiz. May oyi faol o'sish davri bo'lib, o'simliklarni panjaraga mustahkamlash juda muhimdir.<\/p>\n

      Yoz: Mevalarni terish<\/h3>\n

      \"Yozda<\/p>\n

      Iyun va iyul oylarida muntazam sug'orish talab etiladi. Tuproqning 5 sm dan ortiq chuqurlikda qurib ketishiga yo'l qo'ymang. Avgust oyida, hosilni yig'ib olgandan so'ng, mevali kurtaklarni halqasimon qilib kesib oling, hech qanday dog' qoldirmang.<\/p>\n

      Kuz: Qishga tayyorgarlik<\/h3>\n

      \"Qish<\/p>\n

      Oktyabr oyi namlikni to'ldiradigan sug'orish va kurtaklarni egish vaqti. Shimoliy hududlarda qorsiz sovuqlar prognoz qilinsa, agrofiberdan foydalaning.<\/p>\n

      Zararkunandalar va kasalliklarga qarshi kurash<\/h2>\n

      \"Begona<\/p>\n

      Asosiy dushmanlar malina qo'ng'izi va poya pashshasi. May oyida tepaliklarning so'lishining dastlabki belgilarida zararlangan qismlarni darhol olib tashlang. Gullashdan oldin biologik mahsulotlar (Fitoverm) bilan profilaktik ishlov berish zararkunandalar sonini qattiq kimyoviy moddalardan foydalanmasdan kamaytirishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

      Bog'ingiz uchun navlarning tasnifi<\/h2>\n

      \"Malina<\/p>\n

      Turni tanlash istalgan natijaga bog'liq. Doimiy meva beradigan navlar (masalan, "O'rik") ikki yoki bir marta (kuzda) hosil yig'ib olish imkonini beradi, bu esa yer usti qismini ildizlarigacha kesish orqali parvarishni sezilarli darajada soddalashtiradi. An'anaviy navlar (masalan, "Malaxovka" va "Gusar") ko'proq Azizillo talab qiladi, ammo ko'pincha shirinlik ta'mi yanada boyroq bo'ladi.<\/p>\n

      Tez-tez so'raladigan savollar: Tez-tez so'raladigan savollarga javoblar<\/h2>\n
        \n
      • Malinalarni qanchalik tez-tez qayta ekish kerak?<\/strong> Malina tupining bir joyda optimal umr ko'rish muddati 10 yil. Shundan so'ng, tuproq qurib qoladi va infektsiyalar ildiz tizimida to'planadi.<\/li>\n
      • Iyun oyida doim meva beradigan malinalarni Azizillo qilishim kerakmi?<\/strong> Yo'q, almashtirish kurtaklari iyun oyida faol o'sishni boshlaydi. Azizillo faqat kuzda, hosil to'liq yig'ib olingandan so'ng amalga oshiriladi.<\/li>\n
      • Agar rezavorlar kichrayib qolsa, nima qilish kerak?<\/strong> Ehtimol, butalarda namlik va kaliyli o'g'itlar yetishmayapti. Iyul oyi oxirida yog'och kulini yoki maxsus kaliyli o'g'itlarni qo'llang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u00bb, \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12645,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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